1z0-1072-25 Oracle Cloud Infrastructure 2025 Architect Associate Questions and Answers

For an online trading platform requiring high availability and fault tolerance, it's critical to ensure data durability and avoid any costly service disruptions. In Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI), Object Storage is often used to store critical data, such as transaction logs or user data, due to its scalability, durability, and reliability.

Option B is the most suitable approach for ensuring data durability and availability across regions. Here's why:

Cross-Region Replication (CRR): OCI offers a feature called Cross-Region Replication for Object Storage. This feature allows you to automatically and asynchronously replicate objects in a bucket from one OCI region to another. This setup ensures that even if one region experiences a failure, the data is still available in another region, thereby meeting the requirements for high availability and fault tolerance.

Data Durability: By replicating data to another region, you protect against regional outages. OCI guarantees 99.95% availability for replicated data, which is critical for a financial firm's trading platform where data consistency and durability are paramount.

Disaster Recovery: With data replicated in another region, the trading platform can quickly switch to using the data in the secondary region in case of a disaster in the primary region. This setup significantly reduces recovery time objectives (RTO) and ensures business continuity.

In Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI), understanding how private IP addresses work is crucial for configuring network interfaces and managing instances within your Virtual Cloud Network (VCN).

Primary VNIC and Private IP Address:

When an instance is launched in OCI, it is attached to a Virtual Network Interface Card (VNIC). The primary VNIC, which is automatically created during the instance launch, is associated with a primary private IP address by default. This private IP address is essential for the instance to communicate within the VCN. The primary private IP address is automatically assigned and cannot be removed from the primary VNIC while the instance is running. This supports the statement C.

Additional Private IPs:

Contrary to statement B, each VNIC can indeed have multiple private IP addresses, but by default, the primary VNIC comes with only one primary private IP. You can manually add secondary private IPs if needed. However, the additional IPs are not assigned by default; hence, A is incorrect.

Public IP Association:

For instances requiring internet access, a public IP address can be optionally assigned to the private IP address if the instance is in a public subnet. This is critical for scenarios where an instance needs to communicate with the internet or external networks. This aligns with statement D.

Relevant OCI Documentation:

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Networking Overview

VNICs and Private IPs

These references provide additional context and detail on how private IP addresses work within OCI and clarify the correct statements.

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Restoring a block volume from a backup in OCI provides flexibility and options for scaling and recovery:

Restoring to a Larger Volume Size: When restoring a block volume from a backup, you have the option to restore it to a volume that is larger than the original. This is particularly useful if you anticipate needing more storage capacity after the restore.

Full and Incremental Backups: OCI supports both full and incremental backups. You can restore from any backup type, which makes it possible to restore data efficiently depending on the backup strategy used.

Multiple Restores: Multiple volumes can be restored from a single backup, providing flexibility in disaster recovery scenarios.

Availability Domain: The restored volume can be created in any availability domain within the same region, not necessarily the same one where the original volume was located.

Relevant OCI Documentation:

Block Volume Service Overview

Restoring a Block Volume

These references explain the process and options available for restoring block volumes from backups.

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When you need to create identical instances with minimal effort, creating a custom image is the best option.

Custom Images: A custom image captures the exact configuration of an instance, including the OS, software, configurations, and data. By using a custom image, you can easily replicate the same setup across multiple instances, ensuring consistency and reducing the need for manual configuration each time.

Other Options:

Bring Your Own Image: This allows you to import your custom OS image into OCI, but it's more suited for cases where you are migrating from another environment.

Select an Image from the OCI Marketplace: This provides pre-configured images from Oracle or third parties, but they may require additional setup to match your specific requirements.

Use Oracle-Provided Images: These are basic images provided by Oracle, which may not include the specific customizations you need.

Relevant OCI Documentation:

Custom Images Overview

This resource explains how to create and use custom images for quickly deploying identical instances.

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The Infrequent Access tier in OCI Object Storage is suitable for storing backups that need to be immediately accessible and retained for a specific period, such as 31 days, while also minimizing costs. This tier offers a balance between cost and accessibility, charging lower storage costs compared to the Standard tier but still allowing quick access to the data.

Use Case: The Infrequent Access tier is designed for data that is not frequently accessed but must remain readily available when needed, making it ideal for backup storage.

To ensure secure communication between database servers and OCI Object Storage, you should use a Service Gateway. A Service Gateway enables instances in your VCN to privately access OCI services like Object Storage without traversing the public internet.

Security: The traffic between your database servers and Object Storage remains within the Oracle network, providing a secure and high-performance connection.

In Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI), when a block volume is detached from an instance, its performance level is automatically adjusted to the "Lower Cost" tier, which provides 0 VPUs (Volume Performance Units) per GB. This adjustment helps reduce costs when the block volume is not actively being used by a compute instance.

Key Points:

Volume Performance Levels: OCI offers various performance tiers for block volumes, including "Higher Performance," "Balanced," and "Lower Cost." These tiers determine the level of IOPS (Input/Output Operations Per Second) and throughput available to the volume.

Automatic Adjustment: When a block volume is detached from an instance, OCI automatically optimizes the cost by switching the volume to the "Lower Cost" performance tier. This tier offers minimal performance, suitable for data that is not actively accessed.

Cost Management: This automatic adjustment is beneficial for managing costs, as it prevents users from incurring unnecessary charges for higher performance levels when the volume is not in use.

When ensuring that third-party APIs communicate securely with OCI resources, the appropriate authentication option is API Signing Key.

API Signing Key: This method uses an RSA key pair to authenticate and sign API requests. The API signing key provides a secure and reliable way to ensure that the API requests to OCI are coming from an authorized source. It is commonly used for programmatic access to OCI services.

Other Options:

SSH Key Pair: Primarily used for secure shell access to compute instances, not for API authentication.

Auth Tokens: Typically used for authentication in environments where APIs don't support the API Signing Key, such as OCI CLI or SDKs.

OCI Username and Password: Generally used for the Console login, not for securing API communications.

Relevant OCI Documentation:

API Signing Key Authentication

This documentation provides details on using API Signing Keys for secure API communication in OCI.

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In Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI), pre-authenticated requests (PARs) allow users to grant access to specific objects in Object Storage without requiring the recipient to have an OCI account or credentials. This feature is useful for sharing objects securely without exposing broader access.

Cannot Edit a PAR: Once a pre-authenticated request is created, you cannot edit it. If you need to change the settings, such as the expiration date or the object being shared, you must delete the existing PAR and create a new one.

Other Statements:

Deleting a PAR does indeed revoke access immediately, contradicting option B.

Providing OCI credentials (C) is not required for using PARs. The purpose of PARs is to avoid sharing credentials.

Deleting Buckets (D): PARs are designed for accessing objects, not for administrative actions like deleting buckets.

Relevant OCI Documentation:

Managing Pre-Authenticated Requests

This reference outlines the features and limitations of pre-authenticated requests, including the inability to edit them once created.

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In Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI), block volumes are designed to be highly flexible and can be used in various ways:

A. Restoring from a volume backup to a larger volume: This is supported and allows for resizing during the restoration process.

B. Cloning an existing volume to a new, larger volume: You can clone a block volume and specify a larger size for the new volume.

C. Expanding an existing volume in place with offline resizing: OCI allows you to increase the size of an existing block volume without needing to take it offline.

Option D is NOT valid because block volumes can only be attached to compute instances within the same availability domain. Cross-availability domain attachment of block volumes is not supported directly.

Instance principals in OCI allow compute instances to directly make API calls against OCI services without requiring a user account. To set up instance principals, the following steps are necessary:

A. Deploy the application and SDK: The application running on the instances must use the OCI SDK or CLI to make API calls.

B. Create a dynamic group: Define a dynamic group with matching rules to identify which instances can use the API permissions.

C. Create a policy: Write an IAM policy that grants the dynamic group the necessary permissions to access services.

Option D is NOT necessary because instances in a dynamic group use instance principals to authenticate and do not require Auth Tokens, which are used for user authentication with APIs.

RFC 1918 defines IP address ranges that are reserved for private networks, which cannot be routed on the public internet. In Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI), these private IP address ranges can be used to create Virtual Cloud Networks (VCNs). The valid RFC 1918 CIDR prefixes include:

192.168.0.0/16: A private IP range often used in home networks.

10.0.0.0/8: A large private IP range commonly used in enterprise networks.

Invalid Options:

B. 0.0.0.0/0: This CIDR represents all IP addresses and is not a valid private IP range.

C. 192.268.0.0/24: This is not a valid IP address range as the octet "268" is outside the allowable range of 0-255.