AZ-700 Designing and Implementing Microsoft Azure Networking Solutions Questions and Answers

For the first question, only ExpressRoute GW SKU Ultra Performance support FastPath feature.

For the second question, vnet1 will connect to ExpressRoute gw, once Vnet1 peers with Vnet2, the traffic from on-premise network will bypass GW and Vnet1, directly goes to Vnet2, while this feature is under public preview.

====Reference

ExpressRoute virtual network gateway is designed to exchange network routes and route network traffic. FastPath is designed to improve the data path performance between your on-premises network and your virtual network. When enabled, FastPath sends network traffic directly to virtual machines in the virtual network, bypassing the gateway.

To configure FastPath, the virtual network gateway must be either:

Ultra Performance

ErGw3AZ

VNet Peering - FastPath will send traffic directly to any VM deployed in a virtual network peered to the one connected to ExpressRoute, bypassing the ExpressRoute virtual network gateway.

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/about-fastpath

Gateway SKU

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-about-virtual-network-gateways

Box 1: VM2, VM3 and VM4.

VM1 is in VNet1/Subnet1. VNet1 is peered with VNet2 and VNet3.

There are no NSGs blocking outbound ICMP from VNet1. There are no NSGs blocking inbound ICMP to VNet1/Subnet2, VNet2 or VNet3. Therefore, VM1 can ping VM2 in VNet1/Subnet2, VM3 in VNet2 and VM4 in VNet3.

Box 2:

VM4 is in VNet3. VNet3 is peered with VNet1 and VNet2. There are no NSGs blocking outbound ICMP from VNet3. There are no NSGs blocking inbound ICMP to VNet1/Subnet1, VNet1/Subnet2 or VNet2 from VNet3 (NSG10 blocks inbound ICMP from VNet4 but not from VNet3). Therefore, VM4 can ping VM1 in VNet1/Subnet1, VM2 in VNet1/Subnet2 and VM3 in VNet2.

No

subnet1(WM1->NSG1 outbound->NSG10 outbound)->subnet2(NSG1 inbound->NSG11 inbound->VM2)

Yes

NSG10 blocks ICMP from VNet4 (source 10.10.0.0/16) but it is not blocked from VM2ג€™s subnet (VNet1/Subnet2).

No

NSG11 blocks RDP (port TCP 3389) destined for ג€˜VirtualNetworkג€™. VirtualNetwork is a service tag and means the address space of the virtual network (VNet1) which in this case is 10.1.0.0/16. Therefore, RDP traffic from subnet2 to anywhere else in VNet1 is blocked.

NGS1 only

VM2, VM3, VM4 and VM5

Box 1: No

Zone2.contoso.com is not linked to any virtual networks. Therefore, no VMs are able to resolve names in the zone.

Box 2: Yes

VM4 is in VNet3. Zone1.contoso.com has a link to VNet3 and auto-registration is enabled on the link.

Box3: No

VNet3 is linked to zone1.contoso.com and auto-registration is enabled on the link. A virtual network can only have one registration zone. You can link zone2.contoso.com to VNet3 but you won’t be able to enable auto-registration on the link.

VNet 1 will get the default from BGP and propagate it to VNET 2 and 3

Box 2: One NSG

The minimum requirement is one NSG. You could attach the NSG to VMScaleSet1 and restrict outbound traffic, or you could attach the NSG to VMScaleSet2 and restrict inbound traffic. Either way you would need two custom NSG rules.

Box 1: Two custom rules

With the NSG attached to VMScaleSet2, you would need to create a custom rule blocking all traffic from VMScaleSet1. Then you would need to create another custom rule with a higher priority than the first rule that allows traffic on port 443.

The default rules in the NSG will allow all other traffic to VMScaleSet2.

To archive all the metrics of VNET1 to an existing storage account, you can use Azure Monitor’s diagnostic settings. Here’s how you can do it:

Step-by-Step Solution

Step 1: Navigate to VNET1 in the Azure Portal

Open the Azure Portal.

Search for “Virtual networks” and select VNET1 from the list.

Step 2: Configure Diagnostic Settings

In the VNET1 blade, select “Diagnostic settings” under the “Monitoring” section.

Click on “Add diagnostic setting”.

Step 3: Set Up the Diagnostic Setting

Enter a name for the diagnostic setting (e.g., VNET1-Metrics-Archive).

Select the metrics you want to archive. You can choose from various metrics like TotalBytesReceived, TotalBytesSent, etc.

Under “Destination details”, select “Archive to a storage account”.

Choose the existing storage account where you want to archive the metrics.

Configure the retention period if needed.

Step 4: Save the Configuration

Review your settings to ensure everything is correct.

Click on “Save” to apply the diagnostic setting.

Explanation

Diagnostic Settings: These allow you to collect and route metrics and logs from your Azure resources to various destinations, including storage accounts, Log Analytics workspaces, and Event Hubs.

Metrics: Metrics provide numerical data about the performance and health of your resources. Archiving these metrics helps in long-term analysis and compliance.

Storage Account: Using an existing storage account ensures that the metrics are stored securely and can be accessed for future analysis.

By following these steps, you can ensure that all the metrics of VNET1 are archived to your existing storage account, enabling you to monitor and analyze the performance and health of your virtual network over time.

To create an Azure Firewall instance, you need to go to the Azure portal and select Create a resource. Type firewall in the search box and press Enter. Select Firewall and then select Create1.

To assign an IP address from the address range of 10.1.255.0/24 to the firewall, you need to select a public IP address that belongs to that range. You can either create a new public IP address or use an existing one1.

To use a new Premium firewall policy named FW-policy1, you need to select Premium as the Firewall tier and create a new policy with the name FW-policy12. A Premium firewall policy allows you to configure advanced features such as TLS Inspection, IDPS, URL Filtering, and Web Categories3.

To route traffic directly to the internet, you need to enable SNAT (Source Network Address Translation) for the firewall. SNAT allows the firewall to use its public IP address as the source address for outbound traffic4.

To ensure that only hosts on VNET1 can access the slcnage42150372 storage account and that access occurs over the Azure backbone network, you can use Azure Private Endpoints. This method secures the connection by assigning a private IP address from your virtual network to the storage account, ensuring that traffic does not traverse the public internet.

Step-by-Step Solution

Step 1: Create a Private Endpoint for the Storage Account

Navigate to the Azure Portal.

Search for “Storage accounts” and select the slcnage42150372 storage account.

In the storage account blade, select “Networking” under the “Security + networking” section.

Under “Private endpoint connections”, click on “Add private endpoint”.

Enter the following details:

Name: Enter a name for the private endpoint (e.g., PrivateEndpoint-VNET1).

Region: Select the same region as your virtual network (VNET1).

Click on “Next: Resource”.

Step 2: Configure the Resource

Select “Target sub-resource”: Choose the storage service you want to connect to (e.g., blob, file, queue, table).

Click on “Next: Virtual network”.

Step 3: Select the Virtual Network and Subnet

Select the virtual network: Choose VNET1.

Select the subnet: Choose the appropriate subnet within VNET1.

Click on “Next: Configuration”.

Step 4: Configure DNS Integration (Optional)

Configure DNS settings if needed to ensure proper name resolution within your virtual network.

Click on “Next: Tags”, add any tags if necessary, and then click on “Review + create”.

Review your settings and click on “Create”.

Step 5: Restrict Public Network Access

Navigate back to the storage account.

Select “Networking” under the “Security + networking” section.

Under “Firewalls and virtual networks”, select “Selected networks”.

Ensure that only VNET1 is listed under the virtual networks section.

Click on “Save”.

Explanation

Private Endpoints: These provide secure connectivity to Azure services by assigning a private IP address from your VNet to the service, ensuring that traffic stays within the Azure backbone network12.

Firewall and Virtual Networks: Configuring the storage account to allow access only from selected networks (VNET1) ensures that no other network can access the storage account3.

By following these steps, you can ensure that only hosts on VNET1 can access the slcnage42150372 storage account, and that all access occurs over the secure Azure backbone network.

Here are the steps and explanations for ensuring that requests for wwwjelecloud.com from any of your Azure virtual networks resolve to frontdoor1.azurefd.net:

To use a custom domain with your Azure Front Door, you need to create a CNAME record with your domain provider that points to the Front Door default frontend host. A CNAME record is a type of DNS record that maps a source domain name to a destination domain name1.

To create a CNAME record, you need to sign in to your domain registrar’s website and go to the page for managing DNS settings1.

Create a CNAME record with the following information1:

Source domain name: wwwjelecloud.com

Destination domain name: frontdoor1.azurefd.net

Save your changes and wait for the DNS propagation to take effect1.

To verify the custom domain, you need to go to the Azure portal and select your Front Door profile. Then select Domains under Settings and select Add2.

On the Add a domain page, select Non-Azure validated domain as the Domain type and enter wwwjelecloud.com as the Domain name. Then select Add2.

On the Domains page, select wwwjelecloud.com and select Verify. This will check if the CNAME record is correctly configured2.

Once the domain is verified, you can associate it with your Front Door endpoint. On the Domains page, select wwwjelecloud.com and select Associate endpoint. Then select your Front Door endpoint from the drop-down list and select Associate2.

Here are the steps and explanations for ensuring that all hosts deployed to subnet3-2 connect to the internet by using the same static public IP address:

To use the same static public IP address for multiple hosts, you need to create a NAT gateway and associate it with subnet3-2. A NAT gateway is a resource that performs network address translation (NAT) for outbound traffic from a subnet1. It allows you to use a single public IP address for multiple private IP addresses2.

To create a NAT gateway, you need to go to the Azure portal and select Create a resource. Search for NAT gateway, select NAT gateway, then select Create3.

On the Create a NAT gateway page, enter or select the following information and accept the defaults for the remaining settings:

Subscription: Select your subscription name

Resource group: Select your resource group

Name: Type a unique name for your NAT gateway

Region: Select the same region as your virtual network

Public IP address: Select Create new and type a name for your public IP address. Select Standard as the SKU and Static as the assignment method4.

Select Review + create and then select Create to create your NAT gateway3.

To associate the NAT gateway with subnet3-2, you need to go to the Virtual networks service in the Azure portal and select your virtual network.

On the Virtual network page, select Subnets under Settings, and then select subnet3-2 from the list.

On the Edit subnet page, under NAT gateway, select your NAT gateway from the drop-down list. Then select Save.

To configure a policy in Azure API Management that can be used by an Azure Application Gateway to protect against known web attack vectors and only allow requests from IP addresses in Canada, follow these steps:

Step-by-Step Solution

Step 1: Create or Access Your API Management Instance

Navigate to the Azure Portal.

Search for “API Management services” and select your API Management instance.

Step 2: Configure the Policy

In the API Management instance, go to the “APIs” section.

Select the API you want to apply the policy to.

Go to the “Design” tab.

Select “All operations” if you want to apply the policy to all operations, or select a specific operation.

Step 3: Add the Inbound Policy

In the Inbound processing section, click on “+ Add policy”.

Select “IP filter” from the list of policies.

Add the IP address ranges for Canada. You can find the IP ranges for Canada from a reliable source or use a service that provides this information.

Here is an example of the XML configuration for the policy:

<address-range from="24.0.0.0" to="24.255.255.255" />

<address-range from="47.0.0.0" to="47.255.255.255" />

<address-range from="0.0.0.0" to="255.255.255.255" />

Save the policy to apply the changes.

Explanation

IP Filter Policy: This policy allows you to filter incoming requests based on their IP addresses. By specifying the IP ranges for Canada, you ensure that only requests originating from these IPs are allowed.

Inbound Processing: Applying the policy in the inbound section ensures that the requests are filtered before they reach your API.

By following these steps, you can configure a policy in Azure API Management that restricts access to your API to only those requests originating from IP addresses in Canada, thereby enhancing security and compliance

To ensure that the owner of VNET3 receives an alert whenever an administrative operation is performed on the virtual network, you can set up an Activity Log Alert in Azure Monitor. Here’s how you can do it:

Step-by-Step Solution

Step 1: Create an Activity Log Alert

Navigate to the Azure Portal.

Search for “Monitor” and select it.

In the Monitor blade, select “Alerts” from the left-hand menu.

Click on “New alert rule”.

Step 2: Configure the Alert Rule

Select the Scope:

Click on “Select resource”.

Choose “Virtual Network” as the resource type.

Select VNET3 from the list of virtual networks.

Define the Condition:

Click on “Add condition”.

In the “Signal type” dropdown, select “Activity Log”.

Choose “Administrative” as the category.

Select the specific operations you want to monitor (e.g., Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/write for any write operations on the virtual network).

Set the Alert Details:

Enter a name for the alert rule (e.g., VNET3 Admin Operations Alert).

Provide a description if needed.

Configure the Action Group:

Click on “Add action group”.

Enter a name for the action group.

Select the action type (e.g., Email/SMS/Push/Voice).

Enter the details of the recipient (e.g., the email address of the owner of VNET3).

Review and Create:

Review the alert rule settings.

Click on “Create alert rule”.

Explanation

Activity Log Alerts: These alerts notify you when specific operations are performed on your Azure resources. By setting up an alert for administrative operations, you ensure that any changes to VNET3 are promptly reported.

Action Groups: These define the actions to take when an alert is triggered. You can configure notifications via email, SMS, or other methods to ensure the owner of VNET3 is informed immediately.

Administrative Operations: Monitoring these operations helps in tracking changes and maintaining the security and integrity of your virtual network.

By following these steps, you can ensure that the owner of VNET3 receives timely alerts for any administrative operations performed on the virtual network, helping to maintain oversight and security.

To prevent all Azure hosts outside of subnet1-2 from connecting to TCP port 5585 on hosts within subnet1-2, you can use a Network Security Group (NSG). This solution is straightforward and minimizes administrative effort.

Step-by-Step Solution

Step 1: Create a Network Security Group (NSG)

Navigate to the Azure Portal.

Search for “Network security groups” and select it.

Click on “Create”.

Enter the following details:

Subscription: Select your subscription.

Resource Group: Select an existing resource group or create a new one.

Name: Enter a name for the NSG (e.g., NSG-Subnet1-2).

Region: Select the region where your virtual network is located.

Click on “Review + create” and then “Create”.

Step 2: Create an Inbound Security Rule

Navigate to the newly created NSG.

Select “Inbound security rules” from the left-hand menu.

Click on “Add” to create a new rule.

Enter the following details:

Source: Select Service Tag.

Source Service Tag: Select VirtualNetwork.

Source port ranges: Leave as *.

Destination: Select IP Addresses.

Destination IP addresses/CIDR ranges: Enter the IP range of subnet1-2 (e.g., 10.1.2.0/24).

Destination port ranges: Enter 5585.

Protocol: Select TCP.

Action: Select Deny.

Priority: Enter a priority value (e.g., 100).

Name: Enter a name for the rule (e.g., Deny-TCP-5585).

Click on “Add” to create the rule.

Step 3: Associate the NSG with Subnet1-2

Navigate to the virtual network that contains subnet1-2.

Select “Subnets” from the left-hand menu.

Select subnet1-2 from the list of subnets.

Click on “Network security group”.

Select the NSG you created (NSG-Subnet1-2).

Click on “Save”.

Explanation

Network Security Group (NSG): NSGs are used to filter network traffic to and from Azure resources in an Azure virtual network. They contain security rules that allow or deny inbound and outbound traffic based on source and destination IP addresses, port, and protocol1.

Inbound Security Rule: By creating a rule that denies traffic on TCP port 5585 from any source outside of subnet1-2, you ensure that only hosts within subnet1-2 can connect to this port.

Association with Subnet: Associating the NSG with subnet1-2 ensures that the security rules are applied to all resources within this subnet.

By following these steps, you can effectively prevent all Azure hosts outside of subnet1-2 from connecting to TCP port 5585 on hosts within subnet1-2, while minimizing administrative effort.