C_TS452_2022 SAP Certified Application Associate - SAP S/4HANA Sourcing and Procurement Questions and Answers

When creating an invoice with purchase order reference, unplanned delivery costs can occur if the invoice amount exceeds the order amount. These costs can be posted automatically by selecting one of two options in Customizing: distribute costs or post to separate account. If distribute costs is selected, the costs are distributed proportionally among the invoice items according to their net value. If post to separate account is selected, the costs are posted to a separate general ledger account that is determined by account determination. The other options are not available for automatic posting of unplanned delivery costs.References: [SAP Help Portal], [SAP Community]

When you enter a supplier invoice for a purchase order that has already been delivered, you can use the following documents as a reference:

• Delivery note, which is a document issued by the vendor that confirms the delivery of goods and contains information such as delivery date, quantity, and weight.
• Goods receipt, which is a document posted by you that records the receipt of goods from a vendor and updates the stock and inventory data. References: SAP S/4HANA Sourcing and Procurement | SAP Learning, Course S4515, Unit 1, Lesson 1.

Supplier consignment is a special procurement process in which the materials are stored at your premises but are still owned by the vendor. What you must do when using supplier consignment are:

• Create consignment info records, which contain information about the conditions and delivery data for a consignment material from a specific vendor.
• Settle liabilities resulting from consignment stock withdrawals, which means that you pay the vendor for the materials that you have consumed from the consignment stock. References: SAP S/4HANA Sourcing and Procurement | SAP Learning, Course S4520, Unit 4, Lesson 1.

Stock transport orders are documents that are used to request the transfer of materials from one plant to another within the same company code. Some features of stock transport orders are:

• You can post the goods receipt to blocked stock in the receiving plant, which means that the materials are not available for use until they are released from the blocked stock.
• The material on the road is managed as stock in transit in the receiving plant, which means that you can track the quantity and value of the materials that have left the supplying plant but have not yet arrived at the receiving plant.
• A scheduling agreement item is always plant-specific. You must specify a plant for each scheduling agreement item and you cannot change it afterwards. References: SAP S/4HANA Sourcing and Procurement | SAP Learning, Course S4520, Unit 6, Lesson 1.

 To make sure that consignment purchase orders utilize a different number range than other purchase orders, you must customize a new document type, assign a new number range, and assign the item category for consignment only to this type. This way, you can differentiate consignment purchase orders from other types of purchase orders based on their document type and number range. The item category for consignment is K, which indicates that the goods remain in the vendor’s ownership until they are consumed.

Automatic conversion of purchase requisitions into purchase orders is a process that allows you to create purchase orders automatically from purchase requisitions without manual intervention. The prerequisites for this process are:

• The Automatic Purchase Order indicator is set in the purchasing data of the business partner master record, which means that the vendor is authorized for automatic purchase order creation.
• A source of supply containing valid conditions is assigned to the purchase requisition, which means that there is an agreement or an outline agreement with the vendor that specifies the price and other terms for the material.
• The Automatic Purchase Order indicator is set in the plant-specific purchasing data of the material master record, which means that the material is suitable for automatic purchase order creation. References: [SAP Help Portal], [SAP Help Portal], [SAP Help Portal]

Some characteristics of the material ledger are that it is used to valuate materials in different currencies, it is mandatory in SAP S/4HANA, and it is used to calculate different prices for material valuation. The material ledger is not used to calculate the standard price or must be activated per controlling area.References: [SAP Help Portal - Material Ledger Overview]

A subcontracting procurement process involves sending components to a vendor who provides a service and returns an assembled or processed product. Some features of this process are:

• You can maintain the components to be provided in a bill of material (BOM), which specifies the quantity and type of components required for each finished product.
• You can have subcontracting purchase requisitions created by MRP (material requirements planning), which calculates the demand for finished products and components based on various planning parameters.
• You can customize the control parameters for the subcontracting item category (L), which determines whether a goods receipt or an invoice receipt is required, whether account assignment is possible, and whether a material number is mandatory. References: SAP S/4HANA Sourcing and Procurement | SAP Learning, Course S4520, Unit 4, Lesson 1.

Situation Handling is a feature that helps users deal with situations that require their attention or action. A situation template is a predefined configuration that defines the rules and actions for a specific type of situation. For the following business scenarios, a situation template exists in Situation Handling:

• A supplier confirmation is pending, which means that a vendor has not confirmed a purchase order or has confirmed it with different conditions than expected.
• A contract is ready as a source of supply, which means that a contract has been released and can be used as a valid source of supply for purchase requisitions or purchase orders. References: SAP S/4HANA Sourcing and Procurement | SAP Learning, Course S4520, Unit 8, Lesson 1.

The account determination for planned delivery costs based on the condition type is controlled by the account key that is assigned to the condition type in Customizing for Materials Management under Purchasing -> Conditions -> Define Price Determination Process -> Define Condition Types. The account key determines which general ledger accounts are posted to during invoice verification. References: SAP S/4HANA Sourcing and Procurement | SAP Learning, Course S4515, Unit 3, Lesson 1.

A business partner is a person or organization that has a business relationship with your company. When creating a new business partner, you can choose from the following categories:

• Organization, which represents a legal entity such as a company, corporation, or institution.
• Person, which represents an individual such as an employee, customer, or contact person.
• Customer, which represents a business partner who purchases products or services from your company. References: SAP S/4HANA Sourcing and Procurement | SAP Learning, Course S4500, Unit 1, Lesson 1.

The account assignment category determines whether you can change the account assignment data for a consumable material during invoice receipt. You can set this parameter in Customizing for Materials Management under Purchasing -> Account Assignment -> Maintain Account Assignment Categories. References: SAP S/4HANA Sourcing and Procurement | SAP Learning, Course S4520, Unit 3, Lesson 2.

 You can perform an item-wise release in the flexible workflow for purchasing for a purchase requisition. A purchase requisition is an internal document that requests the procurement of a material or service. An item-wise release means that you can release each item in a purchase requisition separately according to different criteria such as amount, material group, or plant. References: SAP S/4HANA Sourcing and Procurement | SAP Learning, Course S4520, Unit 1, Lesson 1.

You use an invoicing plan in this scenario. An invoicing plan is a method of creating invoicesautomatically at predefined intervals or dates without referring to any service entry sheets or goods receipts. You can use an invoicing plan for blanket purchase orders or contracts that have a fixed amount and validity period. References: [SAP S/4HANA Sourcing and Procurement | SAP Learning], Course S4520, Unit 2, Lesson 1.

When using split valuation for your refurbishing process to differentiate between materials based on the condition of the material, you must consider that for each possible valuation type, the price control must be moving average price (MAP). This means that each valuation type has its own moving average price that is updated after each goods receipt or invoice receipt. You cannot use standard price for split valuation because it would not reflect the different values of the materials with different conditions. References: SAP S/4HANA Sourcing and Procurement | SAP Learning, Course S4520, Unit 3, Lesson 2.

You maintain the purchasing value key in the material master at plant level. The purchasing value keycontains parameters that influence the purchasing process for a material, such as order unit, rounding value, minimum order quantity, and delivery tolerance. References: SAP S/4HANA Sourcing and Procurement | SAP Learning, Course S4520, Unit 3, Lesson 2.

The quota base quantity is the total quantity of a material that is to be procured over a certain period of time from various sources of supply. The quota arrangement specifies how this quantity is to be distributed among the sources of supply. If a new supplier is added to an existing quota arrangement, the quota base quantity must be updated to reflect the new situation. This way, the new supplier will be considered as if they had been part of the quota arrangement from the beginning. The other options do not ensure this, as they only affect the existing sources of supply or the source list.References: [SAP Help Portal], [SAP Community]

A business partner master record for a supplier is a central data record that contains information about the general data, accounting data, and purchasing data for a supplier. You must maintain a business partner master record for a supplier at the following organizational levels:

• Client, which is the highest level in the SAP system hierarchy and contains data that is valid for all organizational units.
• Purchasing organization, which is an organizational unit that is responsible for procuring materials or services for one or more plants and negotiating prices and conditions with vendors.
• Company code, which is the smallest organizational unit for which a complete self-contained set of accounts can be drawn up. References: SAP S/4HANA Sourcing and Procurement | SAP Learning, Course S4500, Unit 1, Lesson 1.

When posting an invoice with a cash discount amount using the posting gross method, the cash discount amount is posted to a cash discount clearing account, which is cleared at the time of payment. The posting gross method means that the invoice amount is posted in full to the vendor account and the cash discount clearing account, regardless of whether the payment is made within the cash discount period or not. References: SAP S/4HANA Sourcing and Procurement | SAP Learning, Course S4515, Unit 3, Lesson 1.

A manually created reservation is a document that reserves a certain quantity of a material for a specific purpose or account assignment object. Some properties of a manually created reservation are:

• You can assign different account assignment objects per item, which means that you can allocate the costs for each reserved material to a different cost center, order, project, or asset.
• You can set the Movement Allowed indicator per item, which means that you can specify whether you want to allow goods movements for each reserved material or not. References: SAP S/4HANA Sourcing and Procurement | SAP Learning, Course S4510, Unit 2, Lesson 1.

To manually post an initial entry of stock for a material in SAP S/4HANA, you can use the following options:

• On the SAP Fiori launchpad, use the Post Goods Movement app, which allows you to post various types of goods movements such as goods receipts, goods issues, transfers, or returns. You can enter both a quantity and an amount for the initial entry of stock.
• In the SAP GUI, use transaction MIGO (Goods Movement), which is similar to the Post Goods Movement app but with a different user interface. You can also enter both a quantity and an amount for the initial entry of stock. References: SAP S/4HANA Sourcing and Procurement | SAP Learning, Course S4510, Unit 2, Lesson 1.

You can use the valuation grouping code to group together plants assigned to company codes with the same chart of accounts. This reduces the effort to configure account determination because you only need to maintain one set of valuation classes and account assignments for each valuation grouping code instead of each plant. References: SAP S/4HANA Sourcing and Procurement | SAP Learning, Course S4550, Unit 1, Lesson 1.

A movement type is a key that determines how goods movements are updated in inventory management and accounting. When defining a new movement type, you can configure some of the following aspects:

• The value string for account determination, which means that you can define which accounts are posted during the goods movement based on the valuation area, valuation class, account category reference, transaction/event key, etc.
• The allowed transactions, which means that you can define which transactions (such as goods receipt, goods issue, transfer posting, etc.) are possible with the movement type.
• The field control, which means that you can define which fields are mandatory, optional, or hidden in the material document for the movement type. References: [SAP Help Portal], [SAP Help Portal], [SAP Help Portal]

To restrict the visibility of pricing conditions in purchase orders to certain users, you must use user parameter EFB (Pricing Conditions). This parameter determines whether pricing conditions are displayed or hidden in purchase orders for each user. You can set this parameter in Customizing under Materials Management -> Purchasing -> Conditions -> Define User Parameter for Pricing Conditions. References: SAP S/4HANA Sourcing and Procurement | SAP Learning, Course S4520, Unit 3, Lesson 2.

SAP Smart Business is a framework that provides real-time insights into key performance indicators (KPIs) and allows users to take actions based on the data. Some SAP Smart Business KPIs available for purchase requisitions are:

• Purchase requisition-to-order cycle time, which measures the average time from the creation of a purchase requisition to the creation of a purchase order.
• Overdue purchase requisitions, which shows the number and value of purchase requisitions that have not been converted to purchase orders by their delivery date.
• Purchase requisition average approval time, which measures the average time from the submission of a purchase requisition to its approval or rejection. References: SAP S/4HANA Sourcing and Procurement | SAP Learning, Course S4520, Unit 8, Lesson 1.