CRT-450 Salesforce Certified Platform Developer I (SU24) Questions and Answers

When overriding standard buttons in Salesforce Classic and Lightning Experience, different technologies are used.

Salesforce Classic:

Visualforce pages are used to override standard buttons like Edit.

Lightning Experience:

Lightning Components (Aura Components or Lightning Web Components) are used.

Option C: A Visualforce page in Salesforce Classic and a Lightning component in Lightning Experience

Correct Answer.

Explanation:

In Salesforce Classic, override the Edit button with a Visualforce page.

In Lightning Experience, use a Lightning Component to override the Edit action.

Option C: In a test setup method, test data is inserted once and made available for all test methods in the test class.

True.

The @testSetup method runs once before any test methods in the class.

Test data created in this method is available to all test methods, promoting code reuse and efficiency.

To test the trigger with 200 account records with unique names using the least amount of code:

Option A: Use Test.loadData to populate data in your test methods.

Explanation: Test.loadData allows you to load test data from a static resource (CSV file) into your test method. This approach minimizes code since you don't have to write code to create each record.

Declarative Development refers to building applications using Salesforce's point-and-click tools without writing code. It has several characteristics:

Option C: Declarative development does not require Apex test classes.

True.

Declarative tools like Flows, Process Builder, and Validation Rules do not require Apex test classes because they are configured via the UI and not through code.

Understanding the Issue:

The provided code attempts to update a list of Account records:

public static void insertAccounts(List theseAccounts) {

for(Account thisAccount : theseAccounts) {

if(thisAccount.website == null) {

thisAccount.website = 'https://www.demo.com ';

}

}

update theseAccounts;

}

Problem: A DML exception is thrown when the update statement executes.

Possible Causes:

Some records in theseAccounts may have validation rule failures.

There may be null records within the theseAccounts list.

There could be fields that violate data integrity constraints.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Implement Change Data Capture

Explanation: Change Data Capture (CDC) is used to capture changes to Salesforce records and send notifications.

In Salesforce, triggers are executed in response to specific database events on standard objects (such as Account or Contact) and custom objects. The following actions can cause triggers to fire:

Option A: Cascading delete operations

Explanation: When a record is deleted, and it has child records in a master-detail relationship, the child records are automatically deleted (cascade delete). This action fires the before delete and after delete triggers on the child records.

Option A: Data Import Wizard does not support Opportunities.

Explanation: The Data Import Wizard supports importing data for certain standard objects (Accounts, Contacts, Leads, Solutions, Campaign Members, and Person Accounts) and custom objects. It does not support importing data into all standard objects like Opportunities.

To script the deployment and unit test execution as part of continuous integration (CI), developers use tools that can be automated and run from the command line or scripts.

Option D: Salesforce CLI

Correct.

Explanation:

The Salesforce CLI (Command-Line Interface) is a powerful command-line tool that allows developers to interact with Salesforce orgs.

It supports scripting of deployments using commands like sfdx force:source:deploy and running unit tests using sfdx force:apex:test:run.

The CLI can be integrated into CI/CD pipelines to automate deployments and testing.

A polymorphic lookup field is a special type of lookup relationship field that can reference multiple object types.

Option C: The WhatId field on the standard Event object

Correct Answer.

Explanation:

The WhatId field on Event (and Task) can refer to multiple types of objects, such as Account, Opportunity, Custom Objects, etc.

This makes WhatId a polymorphic lookup field.

Option C: Handle low-level events in the event handler and re-fire them as higher-level events.

True.

Explanation:

It's a best practice to encapsulate lower-level events and re-emit them as higher-level, application-specific events to decouple components and simplify event handling.

To embed a Flow into an Aura component, you use the lightning:flow component.

Option A: lightning

Correct Answer.

The lightning:flow component allows you to embed a Flow in an Aura component.

Example Usage:

To improve runtime performance by caching Apex call results on the client, the developer should decorate the server-side method with @AuraEnabled(cacheable=true).

@AuraEnabled(cacheable=true) Annotation:

When applied to an Apex method, it enables the method's results to be cached on the client, improving performance for subsequent calls.

This is especially effective in Lightning Web Components (LWC) and can also be used in Aura components.

"To cache method results, annotate the method with @AuraEnabled(cacheable=true). Methods annotated with cacheable=true are called cached methods."— Lightning Web Components Developer Guide: Call Apex Methods

Why Not Other Options:

A. Call the setStorable() method on the action in the JavaScript client-side code: This approach is used in Aura components but is less efficient and not considered best practice compared to using cacheable=true.

"For improved performance, use @AuraEnabled(cacheable=true) instead of action.setStorable()."— Aura Components Developer Guide: Calling Server-Side Actions

B. Set a cookie in the browser for use upon return to the page: Managing cookies for caching Apex results is not efficient and can lead to security and scalability issues.

C. Decorate the server-side method with @AuraEnabled(storable=true): There is no storable=true parameter for @AuraEnabled. The correct parameter is cacheable=true.

Best Practices:

Use @AuraEnabled(cacheable=true): This is the recommended way to cache Apex method results in Lightning components.

"Apex methods annotated with @AuraEnabled(cacheable=true) are cached on the client and shared across components."— Lightning Web Components Developer Guide: Apex Methods Cache

Conclusion: By decorating the Apex method with @AuraEnabled(cacheable=true), the developer enables client-side caching of the method's results, improving runtime performance in an efficient and recommended way.

To ensure that specific data is available in test methods, the developer should create test data within the test context.

Option B: Use Test.loadData() and reference a CSV file in a static resource.

Correct Approach.

Explanation:

Test.loadData() is a method that allows test methods to load test data from a CSV file stored as a static resource.

This method creates the records in the test context, ensuring that the data is available during the test execution.

Using a CSV file makes it easy to define multiple records with specific field values.

Usage Example:

@isTest

private class MyTestClass {

@isTest

static void testMethod() {

List testRecords = (List) Test.loadData(MyObject__c.sObjectType, 'MyTestData');

// Proceed with testing using testRecords

}

}

Where 'MyTestData' is the name of the static resource containing the CSV file.

For integrating automated tests into a Continuous Integration (CI) process, the Universal Containers development team should use the Salesforce CLI.

Option C: Salesforce CLI

Salesforce CLI (Command Line Interface) is a powerful command-line tool that allows developers to script and automate various Salesforce tasks, including running tests, deploying code, and retrieving metadata.

Automated Testing:

Developers can use the sfdx force:apex:test:run command to run Apex tests and include it in their CI scripts.

Example Command:

sfdx force:apex:test:run --testlevel RunLocalTests --resultformat human --outputdir test-results

When deciding between SOQL (Salesforce Object Query Language) and SOSL (Salesforce Object Search Language), developers must consider the use case and limitations of each.

Option A: SOSL is faster for text searches.

Correct Statement.

Explanation:

SOSL is optimized for searching text, especially across multiple objects and fields.

It uses full-text search indexes and can quickly find records that match search terms.

Ideal for scenarios where you need to search for a string across many fields.

To check the code coverage of a class after running all tests, a developer can use the Developer Console.

Option B: View the code coverage percentage for the class using the Overall Code Coverage panel in the Developer Console Tests tab.

Correct Method.

Explanation:

In the Developer Console, navigate to the Tests tab.

After running tests, the Overall Code Coverage panel displays code coverage statistics.

You can see the coverage percentage for individual classes.

The accurate statements about debug logs are:

Option A: System debug logs are retained for 24 hours.

Explanation: Salesforce retains debug logs for 24 hours after they are generated.

Universal Containers (UC) wants to calculate the estimated ship date for an Order, which should be the date when all Order Line Items are available. The availability date is stored on each Order Line Item.

Given that the relationship between Order and Order Line Item is Master-Detail, we can leverage Roll-Up Summary Fields to perform calculations on the child records (Order Line Items) and summarize them on the parent record (Order).

Option A: Use a MAX Roll-Up Summary field on the latest availability date fields.

Correct Approach.

Explanation:

Create a Roll-Up Summary Field on the Order object.

Use the MAX function to calculate the latest availability date among all related Order Line Items.

The Roll-Up Summary Field will display the maximum (latest) availability date, which represents the date when all items are available.

This date can be used as the estimated ship date for the Order since the Order can only be shipped when all items are available.

Benefits:

Declarative Solution: No code required.

Real-Time Calculation: Automatically updates when Order Line Items change.

To make a Lightning Web Component (LWC) available in Salesforce Classic, you can embed it in a Visualforce page using Lightning Out.

Option D: Use the Lightning Out JavaScript library to embed the Lightning Web Component in a Visualforce page and add to the page layout.

Lightning Out allows LWCs to be embedded in Visualforce pages.

The Visualforce page can then be included in Salesforce Classic interfaces.

Why Not Other Options:

Option A: Visualforce components cannot directly contain LWCs.

Option B: Wrapping an LWC in an Aura component and surfacing it as a Visualforce tab doesn't make it available on page layouts.

Option C: You cannot invoke an LWC from a Visualforce page using an Apex method call.

References:

Lightning Out for Visualforce:

"Lightning Out is a feature that extends Lightning components to any web page. Use it to embed Lightning web components in a Visualforce page."— Lightning Web Components Dev Guide: Use Lightning Web Components in Visualforce Pages

To retrieve data from an external system in real time during a flow, the developer should use an invocable method.

Option B: An invocable method

Invocable methods can be called from Flow to execute Apex code. By annotating an Apex method with @InvocableMethod, you can expose it to Flows. If the method needs to make a callout to an external system, it must be annotated with (callout=true).

public with sharing class OrderService {

@InvocableMethod(callout=true)

public static List getOrderData(List inputs) {

// Callout to external system and return data

}

}

When using Salesforce DX, developers need to enable the Dev Hub in their org to create and manage scratch orgs.

Option A: Dev Hub

Correct Answer.

Explanation:

The Dev Hub is a feature that must be enabled in a Salesforce org (usually in a Developer Edition or a production org).

It allows developers to create and manage scratch orgs using Salesforce DX commands.

Dev Hub is the central point for creating and managing your scratch orgs.

Option A:

String query = 'SELECT Id FROM Account WHERE Name LIKE \'%' + String.escapeSingleQuotes(name) + '%\'';

List results = Database.query(query);

Explanation: This option uses String.escapeSingleQuotes(name) to sanitize the name variable. This method escapes any single quotes in the input, preventing malicious input from breaking out of the string context in the SOQL query.

Option D: Use Test.getStandardPricebookId() to get the standard price book ID.

Correct Answer.

Explanation:

The Test.getStandardPricebookId() method returns the ID of the standard price book, which can be used in test classes without using SeeAllData=true.

This allows the test to access and use the standard price book in a controlled manner.

When an Opportunity needs to have an amount rolled up from a custom object that is not in a master-detail relationship, the best approach is to:

Option B: Write a trigger on the child object and use an aggregate function to sum the amount for all related child objects under the Opportunity.

Roll-Up Summary Fields Limitation: Roll-up summary fields can only be created on master-detail relationships. Since the custom object is in a lookup relationship with Opportunity (not master-detail), roll-up summary fields are not available.

"Roll-up summary fields can only be created on master-detail relationships."— Salesforce Help: Define Roll-Up Summary Fields

Trigger on Child Object: Writing a trigger on the child object (the custom object) allows you to execute logic whenever a child record is inserted, updated, or deleted.

Aggregate Function: Within the trigger, you can use SOQL aggregate functions (like SUM()) to calculate the total amount of all child records related to the Opportunity and update the parent Opportunity record accordingly.

trigger ChildObjectTrigger on ChildObject__c (after insert, after update, after delete, after undelete) {

Set oppIds = new Set();

if(Trigger.isInsert || Trigger.isUpdate || Trigger.isUndelete){

for(ChildObject__c child : Trigger.new){

oppIds.add(child.Opportunity__c);

}

}

if(Trigger.isDelete){

for(ChildObject__c child : Trigger.old){

oppIds.add(child.Opportunity__c);

}

}

List oppsToUpdate = new List();

for(Id oppId : oppIds){

Decimal totalAmount = [SELECT SUM(Amount__c) FROM ChildObject__c WHERE Opportunity__c = :oppId];

Opportunity opp = new Opportunity(Id = oppId, Total_Child_Amount__c = totalAmount);

oppsToUpdate.add(opp);

}

update oppsToUpdate;

}

Why Other Options Are Incorrect:

Option A: Use the Streaming API to create real-time roll-up summaries.

The Streaming API is designed for receiving notifications of data changes in Salesforce and is not suitable for calculating roll-up summaries.

"The Streaming API enables streaming of events using push technology and provides a subscription mechanism for receiving events in near real time."— Salesforce Developer Guide: Streaming API

Option C: Use the Metadata API to create real-time roll-up summaries.

The Metadata API is used for deploying and retrieving metadata (like custom fields, layouts) between orgs and does not perform data calculations.

"Use Metadata API to retrieve, deploy, create, update, or delete customization information, such as custom object definitions and page layouts, for your org."— Salesforce Developer Guide: Metadata API

Option D: Write a trigger on the Opportunity object and use tree sorting to sum the amount for all related child objects under the Opportunity.

Writing a trigger on the Opportunity object would not effectively capture changes made to child records, as triggers on the parent do not fire when child records are modified.

Tree sorting is not a standard technique in Apex for summing related records.

Conclusion:

Writing a trigger on the child object is the most effective way to sum amounts from child records and update the parent Opportunity when a master-detail relationship is not present.

The Lightning Component framework is used to develop:

Option B: Lightning Pages

Explanation: Lightning Components can be used to build custom components that can be added to Lightning Pages, enhancing the Lightning Experience and Salesforce mobile app.

Since Case and Defect__c have Private organization-wide defaults (OWD), users need explicit access to the parent records to access the child records in a master-detail or junction object relationship.

The Case_Defect__c is a junction object between Case and Defect__c.

Option C: Share the parent Case and Defect__c records.

Correct Answer.

Explanation:

To access a record on a junction object (Case_Defect__c), a user must have access to both parent records.

Sharing both the Case and Defect__c records with the user will grant them access to the Case_Defect__c record.

When writing tests for Apex code that performs callouts to external services, Salesforce requires that callouts are mocked to ensure that tests do not depend on external systems and to allow for consistent and predictable test results.

Correct Option:

Option D: Write a class that implements HttpCalloutMock.

True.

Explanation:

To test HTTP callouts, you implement the HttpCalloutMock interface and provide a fake response for the HTTP request.

This mock response is then used in your test methods to simulate the callout.

The test method uses Test.setMock to set the mock class.

To back up all data and attachments in a Salesforce org, the standard approach is to use the Data Export Service.

Option B: Define a Data Export scheduled

Correct Answer.

Explanation:

The Data Export Service allows administrators to schedule a weekly or monthly export of all data and attachments.

The exported data can be downloaded as a set of CSV files and attachments in zip format.

The recommended process for deploying code and configurations from a Sandbox to Production is to use a change set.

Option C: Use a change set to deploy the Apex code and Lightning Components.

Explanation: Change sets are the standard mechanism provided by Salesforce for deploying customizations between connected orgs (e.g., Sandbox to Production). They support deploying Apex classes, Lightning components, and configurations.

Option B: Apex Flex Queue.

Monitors batch jobs waiting for execution.

Option C: Apex Jobs.

Shows all asynchronous Apex jobs, including batch and future methods.

Why Not Other Options:

Option A: Developer Console doesn't provide job status.

Option D: Paused Flow Interviews are unrelated to Apex jobs.

References:

Apex Jobs Monitoring:

"The Apex Jobs page displays information about all Apex jobs—batch jobs, future methods, scheduled Apex, and Apex test jobs."— Salesforce Help: Monitor Your Scheduled Jobs

When importing an Apex method into a Lightning Web Component (LWC), the correct syntax is:

import methodName from '@salesforce/apex/ClassName.methodName';

Option D: import updateAccounts from '@salesforce/apex/AccountController.updateaccounts';

Correct Syntax.

Explanation:

import updateAccounts:

Specifies the JavaScript function name to reference in the LWC.

from '@salesforce/apex/AccountController.updateaccounts';:

Indicates that we are importing from an Apex class named AccountController, and the method is updateaccounts.

Case Sensitivity:

The class and method names are case-sensitive and should match the Apex code.

The Lightning Component framework provides:

Option A: Prebuilt components that can be reused

Explanation:

The framework includes a library of base components that developers can use to build custom components and applications.

These components can be reused and combined to create complex UIs.

The error message 'Maximum trigger depth exceeded' occurs when a trigger invokes itself recursively more than the allowed limit.

Option C: The trigger is getting executed multiple times.

Correct Answer.

Explanation:

This error indicates that the trigger is recursively calling itself.

This can happen if the trigger performs an update or insert operation that causes the same trigger to fire again, leading to an infinite loop.

Salesforce enforces a limit on the recursion depth to prevent stack overflows.

When using Lightning Data Service (LDS) in a Lightning Web Component (LWC), it's important to understand how data security is handled.

Option D: Lightning Data Service handles sharing rules and field-level security.

Correct Statement.

Explanation:

Lightning Data Service enforces all the security and sharing rules that are in place in the Salesforce org.

This includes object-level, field-level, and record-level security.

When a component uses LDS to access data, the framework ensures that the user only sees data they have access to.

Benefits:

Simplifies development by abstracting security checks.

Ensures compliance with organizational security policies.

Option A: Create a Custom Permission for the users.

True.

Explanation:

Custom Permissions can be used to control access to specific functionality.

By assigning the custom permission to a small group of users, the form's availability is restricted.