H35-480_V3.0 HCIA-5G-RAN V3.0 Exam Questions and Answers

CQI (channel quality indicator) is a value that represents the channel quality of the wireless link between a UE (user equipment) and an eNodeB (base station) in an NR (New Radio) network. The UE reports the CQI value to the eNodeB, which uses it to determine the optimal coding scheme and modulation for the downlink transmissions to that UE.

A larger CQI value indicates better channel quality, higher link quality and a better signal-to-noise ratio. When the channel quality is good, the UE can report a larger CQI value, and the eNodeB can use a higher modulation and coding scheme to achieve higher data rate and better performance. On the other hand, when the channel quality is poor, the UE will report a smaller CQI value, and the eNodeB will use a lower modulation and coding scheme to reduce the error rate. It's worth noting that, the exact range of CQI values and the specific mapping between CQI values and modulation/coding schemes may vary depending on the specific network deployment, it's always recommended to refer to the official guide or document of the product for detailed and accurate information.

A. DM-RS (Demodulation Reference Signals) are transmitted in the frequency domain, they are used to demodulate the downlink data and control channels, and they can be used for cell measurement such as cell identification, cell reselection, and handover. B. CSI-RS (Channel State Information Reference Signals) are also transmitted in the frequency domain, they are used to provide channel state information for downlink data and control channels, and they can be used for cell measurement such as link adaptation, beamforming and interference management.

DM-RS stands for Demodulation Reference Signal and is used for channel estimation in the frequency domain. CSI-RS stands for Channel State Information Reference Signal and is used for channel estimation in the time-frequency domain. PT-RS and SSB are not channels (signals) that can be used for cell measurement in NR.

A. Mixed slot is a slot configuration in which at least one downlink/uplink symbol is present, while other symbols can be flexibly configured for downlink or uplink transmission. This allows for a more efficient use of resources and better support for different types of services. B. Flexible-slot is a slot configuration in which all symbols are flexibly configured for downlink or uplink transmission. This allows for a more efficient use of resources and better support for different types of services. C. Downlink-only slot is a slot configuration in which all symbols are dedicated for downlink transmission, This configuration is mainly used for downlink-centric services such as video streaming or software downloads. D. Uplink-only slot is a slot configuration in which all symbols are dedicated for uplink transmission, this configuration is mainly used for uplink-centric services such as voice calls or video conferencing.

Control subsystem: It is responsible for managing and controlling the overall operation of the BBU, it provides functions such as system initialization, software management, and alarm management.

Transmission subsystem: It is responsible for the transmission of data between the baseband subsystem and the RF subsystem, it includes functions such as data encoding, modulation, and multiplexing.

Baseband subsystem: It performs the baseband processing for the BBU, it includes functions such as demodulation, decoding, and demultiplexing.

On an NSA network, the eNodeB immediately triggers the SgNB addition procedure after a UE attaches to the LTE network. If the SgNB addition fails, the eNodeB attempts to add the SgNB again until it is successful. The eNodeB may also trigger an SgNB addition procedure if it detects a change in its coverage area or if it detects a new SgNB or an SgNB that has been moved.

Cloudification of 5G wireless networks can significantly improve the user rate. Cloudification refers to the process of virtualizing the functions of a network and running them on commodity hardware in a data center, rather than on dedicated hardware in the network itself. In the case of 5G wireless networks, this can be achieved by virtualizing the Base Station (gNB) functions and running them on a cloud platform. This allows for more efficient use of resources and better scalability, which can result in an improved user rate.

Additionally, Cloud-RAN (C-RAN) architecture, which is a cloud-based centralization of the baseband processing functions can also be used to improve the user rate by reducing the number of active base stations required in a given area, and also by allowing for more efficient management of resources and more flexible deployment of services.

However, it's worth noting that the improvement of the user rate is not only limited to cloudification, but it's also related to many other factors such as network design, optimization, and management.