L5M3 Managing Contractual Risk Questions and Answers

Explanation

The correct answers are as follows:

Table Description automatically generated

This is the specification as it talks about types of fabric.

Explanation

The correct answers are: 1) the painter using magnolia instead of white, and 5) the supplier who was late on his delivery. These are considered minor breaches because the contract was still fulfilled and it didn't affect the contract in any significant way. In this type of question you have to use logic to deduce the right answer; 2) A consultant giving bad advice would be a major breach - it would be a huge issue, particularly if that advice led to an accident or death. Think about an Architect advising on a type of pillar, and it turns out that pillar can't support the weight of the building. That would be bad. 3) Lions and Tigers are not the same thing - so that would be a pretty fundamental mistake in a contract. 4) Breaching a non-disclosure agreement is usually considered a major breach of a contract (this is mentioned in chapter 2.1). See p. 48 for more information on minor breaches.

Explanation

The correct answers are as follows:

This is arbitration as it involves a panel.

Explanation

Negligence can be a source of a breach. P.42

Explanation

Adverts are invitations to treat - not offers. Therefore the travel agent isn't bound to provide the discounted flight. See p.3 for more information on offers and ITTs

Explanation

Where there's no order of precedence, it is assumed that all documents have equal significance. This is a direct quote from the study guide p.15

Explanation

The correct answers are as follows:

The answer is compromise as they're seeking a solution that will satisy everyone.

Explanation

Offers include bids on an auction and a price proposal that is valid for 14 days. The other three options are Invitations to Treat. See p.3 for the full list of what constitutes an Invitation to Treat. The tricky thing here is that an auction is an invitation to treat but a bid on an auction is an offer. An auction is an ITT because you're encouraging people to make an offer to you. A bid on the auction is the offer (you offer to buy something at a price you propose).

Explanation

This is a Fundamental Breach. Fundamental Breach and Major Breach are very similar- they're both really bad and can lead to damages and the termination of the contract. The difference is that a Fundamental Breach is so bad that it goes to the root of the contract - a breach so bad that the contract is basically worthless. For example if you make a contract with a supplier to have potatoes delivered but it turns out they don't sell potatoes, only apples, and they keep sending you apples instead of potatoes. This would be a fundamental breach because its something so fundamental to the contract that there's no point in the contract existing if there's a breach like this. Condition Breach and Essence Breach are made up words- they don't exist. P.44

Explanation

"It is okay for Balls to subcontract" is the correct answer. This question is testing whether you know that subcontracting can be a remedy in a contract. It is usually okay for a supplier to use a subcontractor if they're unable to fulfil their responsibilities and the alternative would be to breach the contract. This is a difficult question because you don't get a lot of context- it's based on a similar question in the exam- but just remember subcontracting can be a solution if one party can't fulfil their obligations in a contract. This is better than them breaching the contract. See p.89 for more information on subcontracting

Explanation

The correct answer is "only future obligations of the parties are excused and discharged" - all cur-rent and past obligations need to be fulfilled, or remedied (e.g. through liquidated damages). When an innocent party terminates a contract, they are still obliged to fulfil their own obligations. P.47

Explanation

The correct answers are as follows:

This is payment terms - the discussion is about amending the payment terms from 60 days to 30 days.

Explanation

Adjourning is not a stage. The 6 stages of negotiation are; preparation, opening, discussion, pro-posal, bargaining and agreement. P.64

Explanation

Negotiation is usually the default method for resolving disputes. This is a direct quote from p.63

Explanation

Yes- the supplier made an offer and Jenny accepted it by making a payment is the correct answer. The other three options are incorrect: 'yes- a counter offer has been made' = there is no counter-offer made in this example - a clarification is not a counter-offer / 'no- the clarification constitutes a conditional acceptance' = clarifications are not conditional acceptance / 'no- a contract has not been signed' = there doesn't need to be a signed document- acceptance can be through performance. Issuing the payment would be considered acceptance via performance. See p 2-12 for more information on conditional acceptance, counter offers and acceptance of offers.