PDI Platform Developer I (WI24) Questions and Answers

 The Developer Console is a tool that allows developers to access and edit code, execute SOQL and SOSL queries, debug and test code, view logs and performance data, and more. The Developer Console can help troubleshoot performance issues by providing information such as execution time, heap size, CPU time, and limits usage for each line of code. The Developer Console also has features such as the Performance Tree, the Execution Overview, and the Timeline View that can help identify and optimize the performance bottlenecks. The Developer Console is different from the other tools listed, as they are not designed for performance troubleshooting. AppExchange is a marketplace for Salesforce apps and components. Salesforce CLI is a command-line interface for managing Salesforce projects and orgs. Visual Studio Code IDE is an integrated development environment that supports Salesforce extensions and tools. References:

• Developer Console from the Salesforce Developer Center
• Troubleshoot Performance Using the Developer Console from the Salesforce Trailhead
• Developer Console Basics from the Salesforce Help

A trace flag is a configuration that specifies the debug level, the start time, the end time, and the log type for a user, an Apex class, or an Apex trigger. The log types are DEVELOPER_LOG, USER_DEBUG, and CLASS_TRACING. A trace flag can be configured for Visualforce, Apex classes, and users to enable logging of their activities and events. For example, a trace flag can be set for a Visualforce page to capture the execution time, view state, and heap size. A trace flag can also be set for an Apex class or trigger to override the default logging level and capture more or less information. A trace flag can also be set for a user to monitor their actions and interactions with Salesforce. A trace flag cannot be configured for Process Builder or outbound messages, as they are not supported log types. References:

• TraceFlag from the Tooling API Developer Guide
• Debug Log Levels from the Salesforce Help
• Set Up Debug Logging from the Salesforce Help

A developer should use the Salesforce CLI to script the deployment and unit test execution as part of continuous integration. The Salesforce CLI is a powerful command line interface that simplifies development and build automation when working with your Salesforce org. You can use the Salesforce CLI to perform various tasks such as creating and deploying metadata, running Apex tests, retrieving debug logs, and managing orgs1. References:

• Salesforce CLI
• Certification - Platform Developer I - Trailhead
• SALESFORCE CERTIFIED PLATFORM DEVELOPER I

 A developer should use the FIND clause with the IN Name Fields option to obtain the Id and Name of all the Leads, Accounts, and Contacts that have the company name “Universal Containers”. The FIND clause allows you to perform text searches in Salesforce data, similar to searching with a search engine1. The IN Name Fields option specifies that the search should look for matches in the Name fields of the objects2. The RETURNING clause specifies which objects and fields to return in the search results3. The syntax of the FIND clause is as follows:

FIND {searchString} [IN searchGroup] [RETURNING fieldSpec [ORDER BY orderBySpec] [LIMIT limitSpec] [OFFSET offsetSpec]]

For example, the following query returns the Id and Name of all the Leads, Accounts, and Contacts that have the company name “Universal Containers”:

FIND ‘Universal Containers’ IN Name Fields RETURNING lead(id, name), account(id, name), contact(id, name)

Option B is incorrect, because there is no such option as IN CompanyName Fields in the FIND clause. The valid options for the IN clause are ALL FIELDS, NAME FIELDS, EMAIL FIELDS, PHONE FIELDS, and SIDEBAR FIELDS2.

Option C is incorrect, because it is not a valid SOQL query. SOQL stands for Salesforce Object Query Language, which is a different way of querying Salesforce data than the FIND clause. SOQL queries use the SELECT statement to specify the fields and objects to retrieve, and the WHERE clause to filter the records based on certain criteria. However, SOQL queries cannot query multiple objects in a single statement, unless they are related by a relationship. Therefore, the query in option C would result in a syntax error, as it tries to query Lead, Account, and Contact objects in the same statement, without specifying any relationship.

Option D is incorrect, because it is also not a valid SOQL query. Apart from the same issue as option C, it also has a typo in the WHERE clause, as it uses an asterisk (*) instead of an equal sign (=) to compare the CompanyName field with the value “Universal Containers”.

References:

• FIND | SOQL and SOSL Reference | Salesforce Developers
• IN | SOQL and SOSL Reference | Salesforce Developers
• RETURNING | SOQL and SOSL Reference | Salesforce Developers
• [Salesforce Object Query Language (SOQL) | SOQL and SOSL Reference | Salesforce Developers]
• [Relationship Queries | SOQL and SOSL Reference | Salesforce Developers]

The correct answer is D because the Model-View-Controller (MVC) design framework is a best practice for developing scalable and maintainable applications on the Salesforce platform. The MVC framework separates the application logic into three layers: the model, which represents the data and business logic; the view, which displays the user interface and user interactions; and the controller, which mediates the communication between the model and the view. By using the MVC framework, developers can modularize their code, reuse components, and avoid tight coupling between layers. The other options are incorrect because they are not design frameworks, but rather development methodologies or architectures. Flux is an architecture for building user interfaces with React, a JavaScript library. Waterfall and Agile are methodologies for managing software development projects, with different approaches to planning, testing, and delivering software. References:

• Apex Developer Guide: MVC Architecture
• Trailhead: Apex Basics for .NET Developers
• Trailhead: Platform Developer I Certification Study Guide

Scratch orgs are short-term Salesforce environments that you can spin up to work on a feature. They are source-driven, disposable, and fully configurable. To create scratch orgs, you need to use the Salesforce CLI, which is a command-line tool that lets you interact with Salesforce orgs and perform various tasks. You can use the Salesforce CLI to create a scratch org definition file, which specifies the features and settings of the scratch org, and then run the force:org:create command to create the scratch org. You can also use the force:org:open command to open the scratch org in a browser without logging in.

References: The use of Salesforce CLI to create scratch orgs can be referenced in the Salesforce Platform Developer I learning documents, specifically in modules that cover Salesforce DX and scratch orgs, such as:

• Get Started with Salesforce DX
• Scratch Orgs
• Develop in Scratch Orgs

To share a specific Case-Defect_c record with a user, the developer should share the parent Case and Defect_c records. This is because the Case-Defect_c object is a junction object that has two master-detail relationships with the Case and Defect_c objects. A junction object inherits the sharing and security settings from its two master objects, so the user needs to have access to both of them to view the junction object record1. Sharing only one of the parent records is not sufficient, as the user will not be able to see the other related record. Sharing only the junction object record is not possible, as it does not have its own sharing settings.

References:

• 1: Create a Junction Object

The deployment passes because the Apex code has the required 75% code coverage. In Salesforce, you need at least 75% of your Apex code to be covered by unit tests, and all of those tests must complete successfully. When deploying to a production environment, every unit test in your organization namespace is executed. Since the developer’s test method covers 81% of the Apex code, it meets the minimum requirement for deployment.

Option A is incorrect because the Apex trigger has code coverage, as it is invoked by the test method that calls MyClass.myStaticMethod. The trigger and the method have the same logic, so the test method effectively tests both.

Option B is incorrect because assertions are not mandatory for deployment, although they are highly recommended for verifying the expected outcomes of the test cases. Assertions are statements that compare the actual results of the test with the expected results. If an assertion fails, the test fails.

Option D is incorrect because including both classes and the trigger in the deployment is not sufficient to ensure code coverage. The developer still needs to write and run unit tests that cover the Apex code.

References: Apex Testing), Deploying Apex to a Salesforce Production Organization)

The correct statement is D, because it uses the SOSL syntax to search for the phrase ‘ACME’ in all fields of the Contact and Lead objects, and returns a list of sObjects that match the criteria. The other statements are incorrect because:

• A uses the SOQL syntax, which can only query one object at a time, and the LIKE operator requires a wildcard character (%) before and after the search term.
• B uses the SOSL syntax, but returns a list of lists of sObjects, which is not the expected output.
• C uses the SOSL syntax, but returns a map of sObjects, which is not the expected output. References:
• SOSL Syntax - Salesforce
• SOSL Statements - Salesforce
• SOQL and SOSL Reference - Salesforce

A record-trigger flow on Opportunity is the most efficient way for a developer to implement this requirement, because it allows the developer to automate the creation and assignment of a Task without writing any code. A record-trigger flow can be configured to run when a record is created, updated, or deleted, and it can access and update related records using flow elements1. A record-trigger flow on Opportunity can also use the $Record global variable to access the Opportunity Owner and assign the Task to them2.

An auto-launched flow on Task is not an efficient way to implement this requirement, because it requires the developer to manually invoke the flow from another process, such as a trigger or a button3. An auto-launched flow on Task cannot access the Opportunity record or its Owner without a lookup element, which adds complexity and reduces performance.

An Apex trigger on Task is not an efficient way to implement this requirement, because it requires the developer to write and maintain code, which is more prone to errors and harder to debug than a flow. An Apex trigger on Task also cannot access the Opportunity record or its Owner without a SOQL query, which consumes governor limits and increases the risk of hitting the 101 SOQL limit.

A Task action is not an efficient way to implement this requirement, because it requires the user to manually create and assign the Task from the Opportunity record page. A Task action does not automate the process, and it relies on the user to remember and follow the business rule. References:

• 1: Automate Your Business Processes with Record-Triggered Flows
• 2: Use the $Record Global Variable in Record-Triggered Flows
• 3: Automate Your Business Processes with Scheduled and Platform Event–Triggered Flows
• : Access and Update Related Records in Flows
• : Apex Triggers
• : Apex Governor Limits
• : Create Actions for the Action Bar

Outbound messages are a way of sending information from Salesforce to external systems or applications in real-time when certain criteria or conditions are met. Outbound messages are sent as SOAP messages and can include fields from the record that triggered them. Outbound messages can be configured from Setup and do not require Apex code. Outbound messages can be associated with different automation tools in Salesforce, such as:

• Approval Process: This is a way of automating the approval of records based on predefined steps and actions. Approval processes can send outbound messages as part of the approval actions when the record meets the entry criteria and approval criteria.
• Workflow: This is a way of automating tasks and actions based on certain rules and criteria. Workflow rules can send outbound messages as part of the workflow actions when the record meets the rule criteria.
• Process Builder: This is a way of creating complex business processes and logic using a graphical interface. Process builder can send outbound messages as part of the process actions when the record meets the criteria node.

References:

• Setting Up Outbound Messaging (1)
• Outbound Message in Salesforce: Comprehensive Guide (2)
• Outbound Message Actions - Salesforce (3)

The correct answer is option C, which is the upsert statement. In Salesforce, when you have a custom object and want to insert new records and update existing ones using an external ID field, you use the upsert DML operation. The upsert statement either inserts or updates sObject records based on the value of a specified unique external ID field. References: The information can be referenced from the official Salesforce documentation and learning materials available on Trailhead. Specifically, it aligns with the objectives outlined in data modeling and management, as well as Apex programming basics where DML operations are discussed. Salesforce DML Operations

The sfdx commands that can be used to add testing data to a Developer sandbox are forced: data:bulk:upsert and forced: data:tree:upsert. The forced: data:bulk:upsert command uses Bulk API 2.0 to upsert records from a CSV file into an org1. The forced: data:tree:upsert command uses the SObject Tree Save API to import records from a JSON file that describes objects and relationships2. The forced: data:object:upsert command is not valid, and the forced: data:async:upsert command does not exist.

References:

• Salesforce CLI Command Reference - force:data:bulk:upsert
• Salesforce CLI Command Reference - force:data:tree:upsert

The developer should implement either a Lightning component or a Visualforce page that performs the HTTP REST callout, and use a Lightning Action or a Visualforce quick action to expose the component on the Opportunity detail page. These methods allow the developer to create a user interface that can capture the user input and trigger the callout based on a user-initiated action. The Lightning component or the Visualforce page can use the Apex controller to invoke the HTTP callout using the built-in HTTP classes, such as HttpRequest, HttpResponse, and Http. The Lightning Action or the Visualforce quick action can be added to the page layout of the Opportunity object and configured to display the component in a modal dialog or a panel.

Creating a Process Builder or an after update trigger to perform the HTTP REST callout is not a suitable method for this business requirement, because these methods do not provide a user interface or a user-initiated action. The Process Builder or the trigger would execute the callout whenever the Opportunity is updated, regardless of the user input or intention. This could result in unnecessary or unwanted callouts, as well as hitting the governor limits for callouts.

References: Invoking HTTP Callouts, Configuring an HTTP Callout Action, Create HTTP Callout for Salesforce Flow, Invoking Callouts Using Apex, [Prepare for Your Salesforce Platform Developer I Credential]

Anonymous Apex code is Apex code that does not get stored in the metadata, but that can be compiled and executed on the fly. You can use Anonymous Apex code for various purposes, such as:

• To delete 15,000 inactive Accounts in a single transaction after a deployment: You can use Anonymous Apex code to perform bulk data operations that are not possible or convenient with the standard tools, such as Data Loader or Import Wizard. For example, you can write a SOQL query to select the inactive Accounts and then use the Database.delete method to delete them in a single transaction. This can save you time and avoid hitting the governor limits.
• To add unit test code coverage to an org: You can use Anonymous Apex code to write and run unit tests for your Apex classes and triggers, without having to save them in the metadata. This can help you increase your code coverage and ensure the quality of your code. You can also use the System.debug method to print the results of your tests in the debug log.

References: Anonymous Blocks, Executing Anonymous Apex Code, Execute Anonymous Apex

The statement Database.insert (records, false) should be used to allow some of the records in a list of records to be inserted if others fail to be inserted. This statement uses the Database class method insert with the allOrNone parameter set to false. This means that the operation allows partial success, and if some records fail, the remainder of the DML operation can still succeed. The method returns a list of Database.SaveResult objects, which contain the status and error information for each record. The developer can use this information to handle the failed records accordingly. The other statements either use the standard DML statement insert, which rolls back the entire transaction if any record fails, or use the allOrNone parameter set to true, which has the same effect as the standard DML statement. References: Database Class, Inserting and Updating Records, Database.insert(list,false) in apex

This is because when a DML exception is thrown, it means that the operation failed due to some error, such as a validation rule, a trigger, or a governor limit. If the exception is not handled, it will cause the entire transaction to roll back and display an unhandled exception message to the user. To handle exceptions gracefully, the developer should use a try/catch block to catch the exception and handle it in a way that does not disrupt the user experience, such as logging the error, displaying a custom message, or retrying the operation. References: The use of try/catch blocks for handling exceptions is covered under Apex basics on Trailhead1. You can also find more information on DML exceptions and how to handle them in the Apex Developer Guide2.

Marking the field as Required on the field definition ensures that the field cannot be left blank or null when a record is created or updated, regardless of the page layout or the API. This is the most efficient way to enforce a value for the picklist field, as it does not require any additional configuration or code. Setting the first value as the default value does not prevent the user from changing or clearing the value. Setting a validation rule requires writing a formula and handling error messages. Marking the field as Required on the page layout only affects the user interface, not the API or other tools. References:

• Create a Custom Picklist Field from the Salesforce Help
• Get Started with Picklists from the Salesforce Trailhead
• Picklist Considerations from the Salesforce Help

The @TestSetup annotation is used to create records for every method in the test class. This annotation allows you to create common test data that is available for all test methods in the class. The test setup method runs only once before any test methods in the class. This reduces the need to create the same records for every test method and improves the performance of the test class. The @BeforeTest annotation is not a valid annotation in Apex. The @isTest(SeeAllData=True) annotation is used to grant test classes and methods access to all data in the organization, not to create records. The @PreTest annotation is not a valid annotation in Apex. References: IsTest Annotation | Apex Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers, How to Write a Test Class in Salesforce? The Salesforce Developer Guide …, IsTest Annotation in Salesforce - Automation Champion

 To create a Lightning component on a Visualforce page, you need to use the Lightning Components for Visualforce JavaScript library, which is included by the apex:includeLightning/ tag. This library provides the $Lightning object, which has two methods: $Lightning.use and $Lightning.createComponent. The $Lightning.use method references a Lightning dependency app that declares the component dependencies. The $Lightning.createComponent method creates an instance of the component and renders it on the page. See Use Lightning Components in Visualforce Pages1 for more details. References: 1: Use Lightning Components in Visualforce Pages | Lightning Aura Components Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers(https://developer.salesforce.com/docs/atlas.en-us.lightning.meta/lightning/components_visualforce.htm)

The Lead Source field is a standard picklist field that indicates the source of the lead, such as web, phone inquiry, partner referral, and others1. The Lead Source field is related to the contact, account, and opportunity Source fields, and the value can be inherited from one field to the next as a lead progresses through the funnel2. To ensure that a user populates the Lead Source field prior to converting a lead, the best option is to use a validation rule. A validation rule is a formula that evaluates the data in one or more fields and returns a value of true or false3. Validation rules verify that the data a user enters in a record meets the standards you specify before the user can save the record3. By creating a validation rule on the Lead object that checks if the Lead Source field is blank, you can prevent the user from converting the lead without filling in the Lead Source field. You can also display a custom error message to inform the user of the requirement3. For example, the validation rule formula could be:

ISBLANK(LeadSource)

And the error message could be:

Please enter a value for Lead Source before converting the lead.

Using a formula field, Lead Conversion field mapping, or an after trigger on Lead are not effective ways to ensure that the user populates the Lead Source field prior to converting a lead. A formula field is a read-only field that derives its value from a formula expression you define. It cannot be edited by the user and cannot enforce data entry. Lead Conversion field mapping is a way to specify how fields in the lead record are transferred to the fields in the contact, account, and opportunity records during lead conversion. It cannot prevent the user from converting the lead without entering the Lead Source field. An after trigger on Lead is a piece of Apex code that executes after a lead record is inserted, updated, deleted, or undeleted. It cannot validate the data entered by the user before the lead conversion occurs. References: 1 Lead | Object Reference for the Salesforce Platform | Salesforce Developers1, 2 Let’s Talk About Salesforce Lead Source | Salesforce Ben2, 3 Validation Rules | Salesforce Help3, Formula Field | Salesforce Field Reference Guide | Salesforce Developers, Map Lead Fields for Lead Conversion | Salesforce Help, Triggers | Apex Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers

The correct answer is option C. The Lightning code segment that should be written to declare dependencies on a Lightning component, c:accountList, that is used in a Visualforce page is:

This code segment uses the ltng:require tag, which is a base Lightning component that allows you to load external JavaScript libraries and stylesheets in your Lightning components. The scripts attribute specifies the name and path of the JavaScript file that is uploaded as a static resource. The afterScriptsLoaded attribute specifies the name of the client-side controller action that is called after the scripts are loaded. This way, you can ensure that the c:accountList component has access to the JavaScript library that it depends on.

The other options are not valid code segments for declaring dependencies on a Lightning component. Option A uses the ltng:dependency tag, which is used to declare dependencies between Lightning components, not between a Lightning component and a JavaScript library. Option B uses the ltng:include tag, which is not a valid tag in the Lightning component framework. Option D uses the ltng:import tag, which is also not a valid tag in the Lightning component framework.

References: ltng:require - documentation, Using External JavaScript Libraries, Prepare for Your Salesforce Platform Developer I Credential

The problem of duplicate order records is caused by the integration not being able to identify the existing order record in Salesforce and creating a new one instead. To prevent this, the integration needs to use a unique identifier that can match the order record in both systems. The order number in the OMS can serve as such an identifier, if it is guaranteed to be unique and not reused. Therefore, the following actions can prevent the duplicate order records from being created in Salesforce:

• Option A: Ensure that the order number in the OMS is unique. This will ensure that there is no ambiguity or confusion when matching the order records in both systems.
• Option B: Use the order number from the OMS as an external ID. An external ID is a custom field that can be used to store a unique identifier from an external system. By using the order number from the OMS as an external ID, the integration can use the upsert operation to either insert a new order record or update an existing one based on the external ID value.

References:

• Trailhead: Data Modeling (1)
• Trailhead: Data Integration (2)
• Apex Developer Guide: Upserting Records (3)

The aspect of Apex programming that is limited due to multitenancy is the number of records processed in a loop. Multitenancy is a means of providing a single application to multiple organizations, such as different companies or departments within a company, from a single hardware-software stack. This results in a standard environment that is fully operated and managed by Salesforce, which is much more efficient and cost-effective for your company. However, multitenancy also imposes some limits and governor rules on the Apex code that runs on the Salesforce Platform, to ensure that no single organization can monopolize the shared resources and affect the performance and reliability of other organizations. One of these limits is the number of records that can be processed in a loop, which is 200 for synchronous Apex and 2000 for asynchronous Apex. This means that if you have a loop that iterates over a collection of records, such as a list or a set, you cannot process more than 200 or 2000 records at a time, depending on the context of your Apex code. If you try to process more records than the limit, you will get a System.LimitException error. To avoid hitting this limit, you need to use best practices such as using SOQL for loops, using collections and maps, using bulkified methods, and using asynchronous Apex.

The other options are not aspects of Apex programming that are limited due to multitenancy. The number of active Apex classes is not limited by multitenancy, but by the total size of all Apex classes in your organization, which is 6 MB for Enterprise Edition and 36 MB for Unlimited Edition. The number of methods in an Apex class is not limited by multitenancy, but by the maximum number of characters in an Apex class, which is 1,000,000. The number of records returned from database queries is not limited by multitenancy, but by the SOQL query row limit, which is 50,000 for synchronous Apex and 200,000 for asynchronous Apex.

References: Apex Governor Limits, Multitenancy and Metadata Overview, Prepare for Your Salesforce Platform Developer I Credential

When Apex code executes inside the execute() method of an Apex class that implements the Batchable interface, the following statements are true regarding governor limits:

• The Apex governor limits might be higher due to the asynchronous nature of the transaction. Asynchronous Apex, such as Batch Apex, runs in a separate thread from the main execution and can have higher limits for some resources, such as heap size and CPU time12. For example, the maximum heap size for synchronous Apex is 6 MB, while for asynchronous Apex it is 12 MB1.
• The Apex governor limits are reset for each iteration of the execute() method. Each execution of a batch Apex job is considered a discrete transaction, and the governor limits are reset for each transaction12. For example, a batch Apex job that contains 1,000 records and is executed without the optional scope parameter from Database.executeBatch is considered five transactions of 200 records each1.

The other statements are not true because:

• The Apex governor limits are relaxed while calling the constructor of the Apex class. This statement is false, because the constructor of the Apex class is executed in the same context as the caller of the Database.executeBatch method, and the same governor limits apply2. For example, if the constructor is called from a trigger, the trigger governor limits are enforced2.
• The Apex governor limits cannot be exceeded due to the asynchronous nature of the transaction. This statement is false, because the asynchronous nature of the transaction does not prevent the Apex governor limits from being exceeded. If some Apex code exceeds a limit, the associated governor issues a runtime exception that can’t be handled1. For example, if the execute() method performs more than 200 SOQL queries, the Too many SOQL queries exception is thrown1.

References:

• : Apex Governor Limits
• : Using Batch Apex

Using the Database method with all or None set to false allows the developer to insert the Task records without throwing an exception if some of them fail. This way, the integration can read the task records that were successfully inserted, and the developer can handle the failed records in the trigger or elsewhere. The other options are either too disruptive to the business logic (A and C) or do not prevent the exception from occurring (B). References: Database Methods, Bulk Exception Handling, Trigger Exceptions

A record-triggered flow is a type of flow that runs when a record is created or updated1. It can perform actions such as updating fields, creating records, sending emails, and calling Apex classes2. A record-triggered flow is the recommended tool for this scenario because it can compare the Contact’s Mailing State with the Job’s Preferred Locations, and update a custom field on the Job Application object accordingly. It can also handle changes to the Contact’s Mailing State and keep the Job Application field in sync3. References:

• 1: Record-Triggered Flows | Salesforce Help
• 2: What You Can Do with Record-Triggered Flows | Salesforce Help
• 3: Universal Hiring is using Salesforce to capture job applications. A … | Salesforce Quiz

• Bulk API is a RESTful API that allows you to load or delete large sets of data in Salesforce. It does not bypass the storage limits of your environment, but it can handle more records and run faster than other APIs12. Bulk API is useful for development, testing, and integration scenarios.
• Developer and Developer Pro sandboxes are two types of sandboxes that you can use to create and test applications in Salesforce. They have different storage limits and refresh intervals. Developer sandboxes have a 200 MB data storage limit and can be refreshed once per day. Developer Pro sandboxes have a 1 GB data storage limit and can be refreshed once every 5 days3 .
• Data import wizard is a web-based tool that you can use to import or update up to 50,000 records in Salesforce. It is not a client application, but a feature that is available in the Setup menu of Salesforce .

References:

• 1: Bulk API Developer Guide
• 2: Cert Prep: Platform Developer I: Data Modeling and Management
• 3: Sandbox Types and Templates
• : Cert Prep: Platform Developer I: Testing and Debugging
• : [What Is the Data Import Wizard?]
• : Cert Prep: Platform Developer I: Business Logic and Process Automation

To implement the Apex method that is executed when a recommendation is rejected, the developer should keep in mind the following factors:

• The method must use the @Future annotation because it performs a callout to an external system, which is not allowed in synchronous Apex. The @Future annotation marks a method as asynchronous, meaning that it runs in a separate thread and does not block the main execution1.
• The method must use the @invocableMethod annotation because it is invoked from a flow that is triggered by the Einstein Next Best Action component. The @invocableMethod annotation enables an Apex method to be called from a flow, process, or REST API2.
• The method must be defined as static because it is annotated with @Future and @invocableMethod. Both annotations require the method to be static, meaning that it belongs to the class and not to any instance of the class3.

References:

• 1: Asynchronous Apex
• 2: Invocable Apex
• 3: Static and Instance Methods, Variables, and Initialization Code

 In order to update a record of a junction object, you must have Read/Write access on the primary relationship and Read/Write access on the junction object. A junction object is a custom object that is used to create a many-to-many relationship between two other objects via two master-detail relationships. The primary relationship is the first master-detail relationship that is created on the junction object, and the secondary relationship is the second master-detail relationship that is created on the junction object. To update a record of a junction object, you need to have Read/Write access on both the junction object and the primary relationship, because:

• Read/Write access on the junction object allows you to modify the fields and values of the junction object record, such as the name, description, or custom fields.
• Read/Write access on the primary relationship allows you to change the parent record of the junction object record, which is also known as reparenting. Reparenting is the process of moving a child record from one parent record to another in a master-detail relationship. Reparenting is not allowed by default in master-detail relationships, but it can be enabled by selecting the Allow reparenting option on the relationship field.

Read access on the primary relationship and Read/Write access on the secondary relationship are not sufficient to update a record of a junction object, because:

• Read access on the primary relationship does not allow you to change the parent record of the junction object record, which may be necessary for some updates. For example, if you want to move an OrderItem record from one Order record to another, you need to have Read/Write access on the primary relationship between OrderItem and Order.
• Read/Write access on the secondary relationship does not affect the update of the junction object record, because the secondary relationship is not involved in the update operation. The secondary relationship is only used to associate the junction object record with another parent record, but it does not allow you to modify the junction object record itself.

References: Junction Object, Reparent Records in Master-Detail Relationships, Prepare for Your Salesforce Platform Developer I Credential

Creating a test class to execute the business logic and run the test in the Developer Console is the best approach to ensure that the Apex class is working according to specification. Test classes are used to verify the functionality, performance, and security of the Apex code, and to provide code coverage for deployment. Test classes can also use assertions to validate the expected outcomes of the code. The Developer Console provides a user interface to create, run, and debug test classes, and to view the test results and code coverage1.

Including a savepoint and Database.rollback is not a valid approach to test the Apex class, as it is used to undo the changes made by the DML operations in a transaction2. This does not verify the functionality or performance of the Apex code, nor does it provide code coverage.

Including a try/catch block to the Apex class is not a sufficient approach to test the Apex class, as it is used to handle the exceptions that may occur during the execution of the code3. This does not verify the functionality or performance of the Apex code, nor does it provide code coverage. Moreover, a try/catch block should be used in conjunction with a test class, not as a replacement.

Running the code in an Execute Anonymous block in the Developer Console is not a recommended approach to test the Apex class, as it is used to execute arbitrary Apex code that is not saved as part of the application. This does not verify the functionality or performance of the Apex code, nor does it provide code coverage. Moreover, running the code in an Execute Anonymous block may have unintended consequences on the data and the application, as it does not follow the best practices of testing.

References:

• 1: Test Classes | Apex Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers
• 2: Savepoints and Rollbacks | Apex Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers
• 3: Exception Handling | Apex Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers
• : [Execute Anonymous | Apex Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers]
• : [Best Practices for Testing | Apex Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers]

 To avoid exceeding the view state limit of 170 KB12, the developer should implement pagination with a StandardSetController. A StandardSetController allows the developer to display a set of records in a Visualforce page with built-in support for pagination, sorting, and filtering3. By using a StandardSetController, the developer can limit the number of records that are displayed and stored in the view state at a time, and provide navigation buttons for the user to access the next or previous set of records.

The other options are not correct because:

• A. Use Lazy loading and a transient List variable. This option is not effective, because lazy loading means that the data is loaded only when it is needed, but it still requires storing the data in the view state. A transient List variable is not included in the view state, but it also means that the data is lost after each request and has to be queried again, which can affect performance and consistency.
• B. Use JavaScript remoting with SOQL Offset. This option is not recommended, because JavaScript remoting does not support pagination, sorting, or filtering, and requires additional JavaScript code to handle the callbacks and display the data. SOQL Offset is also limited to 2,000 records, and can cause performance issues when used with large data sets.
• C. Implement pagination with an OffsetController. This option is not optimal, because an OffsetController is a custom controller that uses SOQL Offset to implement pagination. As mentioned above, SOQL Offset has limitations and drawbacks that make it unsuitable for large data sets.

References:

• : Optimize the View State
• : Create More Complex Visualforce Pages with Increased View State Limit
• : StandardSetController Class
• : [Transient Keyword]
• : [SOQL OFFSET Clause]

The correct answer is to use the with sharing keyword in the Apex class. This keyword enforces the sharing rules that apply to the current user. This means that the Apex code respects the user’s permissions, field-level security, and sharing rules when querying or modifying records. This ensures that only records accessible to the currently logged in user are displayed. References: Apex Developer Guide

The developer should use the lightning-input-field component to support the security requirements. This component respects the field-level security and sharing settings of the Salesforce org, and displays the appropriate data to different types of users. The other components do not have this feature, and may expose sensitive data to unauthorized users. References: Lightning Web Components Developer Guide), Secure Coding Guide)

• Rollup summary fields can cause the parent record to go through Save. This is true because when a child record is created, updated, or deleted, the parent record is also updated to reflect the changes in the rollup summary field. This update can cause the trigger on the parent object to fire again, which can affect the performance and logic of the trigger1.
• The trigger may fire multiple times during a transaction. This is true because triggers can be invoked by other triggers, workflow rules, or processes in the same transaction. This can result in multiple trigger executions for the same record, which can also affect the performance and logic of the trigger2.
• Duplicate rules are executed once all DML operations commit to the database. This is false because duplicate rules are executed before the DML operations are committed to the database. Duplicate rules are part of the validation rules that are run before the triggers3.
• The validation rules will cause the trigger to fire again. This is false because validation rules are run before the triggers, and they do not cause the triggers to fire again. Validation rules only prevent the record from being saved if the validation fails4.

References:

• 1: Roll-Up Summary Fields
• 2: Triggers and Order of Execution
• 3: Duplicate Management
• 4: Validation Rules

The first step towards troubleshooting the issue is to check the asynchronous job monitoring page to view the job status and logs. This page shows the progress, state, and results of the batch Apex job, as well as any errors or exceptions that occurred during the execution. The developer can use this information to identify the cause of the timeout and take appropriate actions to fix it. References: Using Batch Apex, Use Batch Apex Unit, Execute a batch Apex from Developer Console

To communicate from a child component to a parent component, the best option is to create a custom event in the child component and dispatch it to the parent component. The parent component can then listen for the event and handle it accordingly. For example, the child component can create a custom event called navigate and pass the page reference as a detail. The parent component can then use a handler to catch the event and use the navigation service to navigate to the next page.

Option A is incorrect because firing a notification is not a reliable way to communicate between components, as it depends on the user’s settings and preferences. Option B is incorrect because updating a property on the parent component requires the child component to have access to the parent’s property, which violates the principle of component encapsulation and modularity. Option C is incorrect because calling a method in the Apex controller is not necessary for navigation purposes, and it would introduce an extra server round-trip and potential performance issues.

References: Communicate with Events | Lightning Web Components Developer Guide, Basic Navigation | Lightning Web Components Developer Guide, Cert Prep: Platform Developer I: Lightning Web Components

The Create Records element allows you to create one or more new records of a specific object type in a Flow1. In this case, the developer needs to create a new Contact record and store its ID on the Opportunity record. The other options are either incorrect or unnecessary, as they do not create a new record or assign its ID to another record23. References:

• Create Records | Flow Builder | Salesforce Developers
• Get Records | Flow Builder | Salesforce Developers
• Update Records | Flow Builder | Salesforce Developers

 A developer can execute tests in an org using the following methods:

• Setup Menu: By browsing to setup->Apex Test Execution, the developer can select and run tests from the user interface1.
• SalesforceDX: By using the Salesforce CLI on the command line, the developer can run tests in an org using the force:apex:test:run command2. This command can also be used from Salesforce Extensions for VS Code or from within third-party continuous integration tools, such as Jenkins or CircleCI2.
• Tooling API: The developer can also run tests using the Tooling REST API. Use the /runTestsAsynchronous/ and /runTestsSynchronous/ endpoints to run tests asynchronously or synchronously3.

References:

• 1: Get a Refresh on Testing Unit | Salesforce Trailhead
• 2: Run Apex Tests | Salesforce DX Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers
• 3: What are three ways for a developer to execute tests in an Org?

To pass data from a parent component to a child component, the developer can use either a custom event or a public property1. A custom event is a way for a component to communicate with its parent or ancestor components by sending a message that contains data. The parent component can listen for the event and handle it accordingly. A public property is a way for a parent component to pass data to a child component by setting an attribute on the child component’s HTML tag. The child component can access the data through the property’s value.

The developer cannot use the Apex controller class or invoke a method in the child component to pass data from the parent component. The Apex controller class is used to communicate with the server and perform business logic, not to pass data between components. Invoking a method in the child component is a way for the parent component to call a function defined in the child component, not to pass data to it. References:

• Inter-Component Communication Patterns for Lightning Web Components | Salesforce Developers Blog
• Communicate with Events - Lightning Web Components Developer Guide - Salesforce Developers
• Pass Data to Child Components - Lightning Web Components Developer Guide - Salesforce Developers

The test method fails in the sandbox test framework because it relies on existing data in the sandbox, which may not be consistent or available for the test execution. The Apex test framework uses a separate test data context that is rolled back after the test execution, so any data that is queried or inserted by the test method must be created within the test method or by using the @testSetup annotation. The Execute Anonymous window, on the other hand, runs the Apex logic in the current user context and can access the existing data in the sandbox. Therefore, the Apex logic may succeed in the Execute Anonymous window but fail in the test framework. References:

• Apex Testing (Salesforce Developer Documentation)
• Isolation of Test Data from Organization Data in Unit Tests (Salesforce Developer Documentation)
• Free Salesforce Platform Developer 1 Practice Exam (With Answers) (Salesforce Ben)

The correct definition of the Apex method is shown in option C. This Apex method is defined as an invocable method, meaning it can be called from a process or flow. It’s marked with the @InvocableMethod annotation. The method returns a list of lists of recommendations and takes a list of ContactWrapper objects as input, which allows for bulk processing of records in flows. References:

• Certification - Platform Developer I - Trailhead, Section 5. Exam Outline, Topic: Logic and Process Automation, Weight: 46%, Objective: Describe how to use declarative and programmatic methods to create custom user interfaces on the Lightning Platform.
• [Call Apex Methods from Lightning Web Components], Trailhead Module, Unit: Call Apex Methods Imperatively
• [SOQL and SOSL Queries], Salesforce Developer Guide, Chapter: SOQL and SOSL Reference

The merge method is an Apex Data Manipulation Language (DML) operation that allows you to combine up to three records of the same sObject type into one of the records, known as the master record. The merge method deletes the other records, known as the victim records, and reparents any related records to the master record. The merge method has the following characteristics:

• Merge is supported with accounts, contacts, cases, and leads: The merge method can only be used with these four standard sObject types. You cannot use the merge method with custom objects or other standard objects.
• The merge method allows up to three records, including the master and two additional records with the same sObject type, to be merged into the master record: The merge method takes an array of sObject records as the input parameter, where the first record is the master record and the rest are the victim records. The merge method can merge up to three records of the same sObject type into the master record. If you want to merge more than three records, you need to call the merge method multiple times.

The other statements are not valid considerations when using the merge method:

• The field values on the master record are overwritten by the records being merged: This is not true. The field values on the master record are not overwritten by the victim records, unless you explicitly specify the field names and values in the master record before calling the merge method. By default, the merge method preserves the field values of the master record and discards the field values of the victim records.
• External ID fields can be used with the merge method: This is not true. The merge method does not support external ID fields as input parameters. You need to use the record IDs of the sObject records to perform the merge operation.

References: Merging Records, merge method, Prepare for Your Salesforce Platform Developer I Credential

To check the code coverage of a class after running all tests, the developer should view the code coverage percentage for the class using the Overall Code Coverage panel in the Developer Console Tests tab. This panel shows the code coverage for each class and trigger in the org, as well as the overall code coverage percentage. The developer can also double-click on a class or trigger name to see the code coverage details, such as which lines are covered or not covered by tests.

The other options are not correct because:

• A. View the Code Coverage column in the list view on the Apex Classes page. This option only shows the code coverage percentage for each class, but not the details of which lines are covered or not covered by tests. It also does not show the code coverage for triggers or the overall code coverage percentage.
• B. View the Class Test Percentage tab on the Apex Class fist view m Salesforce Setup. This option does not exist in Salesforce Setup. There is no such tab or view for Apex classes.
• D. Select and run the class on the Apex Test Execution page in the Developer Console. This option only runs the test methods in the selected class, but does not show the code coverage for the class or other classes and triggers in the org.

References:

• : Testing and Code Coverage
• : Developer Console

To improve runtime performance of Apex calls by caching result on the client, the most efficient way to implement this and follow best practices is to decorate the server-side method with @AuraEnabled (cacheable=true). This annotation enables the method to be called from a Lightning web component and also caches the method results on the client. This reduces the number of server requests and improves the responsiveness of the component. The cacheable attribute can only be set to true for methods that are read-only and don’t change any data. The other options are not correct because:

• Decorating the server-side method with @AuraEnabled (total=true) does not cache the result on the client, but rather indicates that the method returns the total number of records that match a query.
• Calling the setStorable() method on the action in the JavaScript client-side code is a deprecated way of caching the result on the client for Aura components, not Lightning web components. It also requires more code than using the cacheable attribute.
• Setting a cookie in the browser for use upon return to the page is not a reliable way of caching the result on the client, as cookies can be deleted, expired, or blocked by the browser. It also does not leverage the built-in caching mechanism of the Lightning platform. References:
• Client-Side Caching
• Call Apex Methods from Lightning Web Components
• Free Salesforce Platform Developer 1 Practice Exam (With Answers)

The correct answers are option C and option D. Lightning Web Components are self-contained and reusable units of an application that follow web standards and can leverage modern web features. They also benefit from a rich component ecosystem that includes standard components, custom components, and third-party components. Visualforce, on the other hand, is a legacy framework that relies on server-side rendering and proprietary markup. It does not offer the same level of modularity, performance, and interoperability as Lightning Web Components. References: The information can be referenced from the official Salesforce documentation and learning materials available on Trailhead. Specifically, it aligns with the objectives outlined in Lightning Web Components Basics, where the benefits and features of Lightning Web Components are discussed. Lightning Web Components Basics

 A developer can use a validation rule or a trigger to prevent Opportunities from being edited when they reach the Closed/Won stage. A validation rule can check the stage value and display an error message if the user tries to modify the record. A trigger can also check the stage value and throw an exception if the user tries to update the record. Both of these strategies can enforce the business logic at the database level and prevent unwanted changes.

An after-save flow or the Process Automation settings are not suitable for this requirement, because they are executed after the record is saved to the database. They can perform actions based on the record changes, but they cannot prevent the record from being edited in the first place.

References:

• 1: Validation Rules (Salesforce Help)
• 2: Triggers (Apex Developer Guide)
• 3: Run Flows After a Record Is Saved (Lightning Flow Developer Guide)
• 4: Process Automation Settings (Salesforce Help)

The @TestSetup annotation method is used to create records for every method in the test class. This method is executed before any test method in the class and the records created in this method are available to all test methods in the class. The records are rolled back at the end of the test class execution. If a test method modifies or deletes the records created in the test setup method, those changes are rolled back after each test method finishes execution. The next executing test method gets access to the original unmodified state of those records. This annotation method can reduce test execution times and improve system resource efficiency compared to creating records for each test method individually. References: Using Test Setup Methods, Free Salesforce Platform Developer 1 Practice Exam (With Answers), SALESFORCE CERTIFIED PLATFORM DEVELOPER I

Lightning Data Service is the preferred (and easiest) way to work with Salesforce data. With Lightning Data Service, developers use JavaScript to connect components to Salesforce data1. Lightning Data Service also provides security by making server calls to secure User Interface API endpoints2. Lightning Data Service respects the sharing rules and field-level security of the current user, so developers do not need to write any additional code to enforce them3. The other options are either incorrect or irrelevant for Lightning Data Service. References:

• Lightning Security | Secure Coding Guide | Salesforce Developers
• Considerations | Lightning Aura Components Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers
• Use Lightning Data Service to Work with Data Unit | Salesforce

A scratch org is a temporary Salesforce instance, typically used for a specific development. To create and manage scratch orgs, a developer needs to enable the Dev Hub feature in a Salesforce org. The Dev Hub org acts as a central hub for creating and tracking scratch orgs. The Dev Hub org can be a production org, a developer edition org, or a business org. The Dev Hub feature is not available in sandboxes or environment hubs. References: Scratch Orgs | Salesforce DX Developer Guide, Get Started With Salesforce Scratch Orgs

QUESTIN NO: 4

A developer must implement a CheckPaymentProcessor class that provides check processing payment capabilities that adhere to what defined for payments in the PaymentProcessor interface. public interface PaymentProcessor { void pay(Decimal amount); } Which is the correct implementation to use the PaymentProcessor interface class?

A. Public class CheckPaymentProcessor implements PaymentProcessor {

public void pay(Decimal amount) {}

}

B. Public class CheckPaymentProcessor implements PaymentProcessor {

public void pay(Decimal amount);

}

C. Public class CheckPaymentProcessor extends PaymentProcessor {

public void pay(Decimal amount);

}

D. Public class CheckPaymentProcessor extends PaymentProcessor {

public void pay(Decimal amount) {}

}

Answer: A

To use the PaymentProcessor interface class, the CheckPaymentProcessor class must implement the interface using the implements keyword and provide a concrete implementation of the pay method with the same signature as defined in the interface. The extends keyword is used for inheritance, not for implementing interfaces. The pay method must have a body with curly braces, not a semicolon. References:

• Get Started with Platform Developer I Study Guide - Salesforce
• Certification - Platform Developer I - Trailhead
• SALESFORCE CERTIFIED PLATFORM DEVELOPER I

A Lightning component can execute a complex SOQL query that joins two objects by invoking an Apex class with the method annotated as @AuraEnabled. This annotation enables the Apex method to be called from the Lightning component’s JavaScript controller or helper. The Apex method can then perform the SOQL query and return the results to the Lightning component. This approach allows the Lightning component to leverage the programmatic capabilities of Apex and SOQL to perform complex queries that are not possible with declarative tools such as flows or standard components. References:

• Certification - Platform Developer I - Trailhead, Section 5. Exam Outline, Topic: Logic and Process Automation, Weight: 46%, Objective: Describe how to use declarative and programmatic methods to create custom user interfaces on the Lightning Platform.
• [Call Apex Methods from Lightning Web Components], Trailhead Module, Unit: Call Apex Methods Imperatively
• [SOQL and SOSL Queries], Salesforce Developer Guide, Chapter: SOQL and SOSL Reference

The developer can use the Laptop interface within the SilverLaptop class by using the keyword ‘implements’. This keyword indicates that the SilverLaptop class is implementing the Laptop interface, which means that it must provide a body for all the methods declared in the interface. For example, the SilverLaptop class can implement the Laptop interface as follows:

public class SilverLaptop implements Laptop { // code implementation public void turnOn() { // code to turn on the laptop } public void turnOff() { // code to turn off the laptop } }

The other options are not valid ways to use the Laptop interface within the SilverLaptop class. Option A uses the annotation ‘@Extends’, which is not a valid syntax in Apex. Option B uses the keyword ‘extends’, which is used to indicate inheritance between classes, not interfaces. Option C uses the annotation ‘@Interface’, which is also not a valid syntax in Apex.

References: Interfaces | Apex Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers, Prepare for Your Salesforce Platform Developer I Credential

The developer should implement a callout from a queueable class called from a trigger to accomplish this. A callout is a request that is sent from Salesforce to an external service, such as a REST endpoint in the ERP system1. A queueable class is an Apex class that implements the Queueable interface and can be executed asynchronously by adding it to the Apex job queue2. A trigger is an Apex script that executes before or after specific data manipulation language (DML) events on a Salesforce object, such as insert, update, or delete3.

The reason why this option is the best is because:

• A callout from a future method called from a trigger (option A) is not recommended, because future methods have some limitations, such as not being able to pass sObjects as parameters, not being able to chain future calls, and not being able to monitor the status of the execution4.
• A callout from a schedulable class called from a scheduled job (option B) is not suitable, because scheduled jobs run at a specified time or interval, and not in response to a data change event, such as setting the order status to "Placed"5.
• A flow with a callout from an invocable method (option C) is not feasible, because flows cannot be triggered by data changes, but only by user actions, such as clicking a button, or by process automation tools, such as Process Builder or Workflow.

References:

• 1: Callouts | Apex Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers
• 2: Queueable Apex | Apex Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers
• 3: Triggers | Apex Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers
• 4: Using the Future Annotation | Apex Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers
• 5: Schedulable Interface | Apex Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers
• : [Flow Trigger Workflow Actions | Salesforce Help]

You can render any page as a PDF by adding the renderAs attribute to the  component, and specifying "pdf" as the rendering service1. For example: . You can also use the PageReference.getContentAsPDF() method in Apex to render a Visualforce page as PDF data, and then use Apex code to convert that PDF data to an email attachment, a document, a Chatter post, and so on2. References:

• 1: Render a Visualforce Page as a PDF File | Visualforce Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers
• 2: Render a Visualforce Page as PDF from Apex | Visualforce Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers

To declare variables that cannot change once a value is assigned, the developer can use the final keyword, which means that the variable can only be assigned a value once, either when declaring the variable or inside a constructor1. For example:

Java

// Declare a final variable and assign its value when declaring

final Integer creditAmount = 1000;

// Declare a final variable and assign its value in the constructor

final Integer debtAmount;

public MyClass() {

debtAmount = 500;

}

AI-generated code. Review and use carefully. More info on FAQ.

The developer cannot use the static keyword to achieve the same effect, as static variables are not final by default. Static variables are used to store class-level information that is shared across all instances of the class, and they can be changed by any method in the class or by external classes2. For example:

Java

// Declare a static variable and assign its value in the class constructor

static Integer creditAmount;

public MyClass() {

creditAmount = 1000;

}

// Declare a static variable and assign its value in a static initializer

static Integer debtAmount;

static {

debtAmount = 500;

}

// Change the value of the static variables in a method

public void updateAmounts(Integer newCredit, Integer newDebt) {

creditAmount = newCredit;

debtAmount = newDebt;

}

AI-generated code. Review and use carefully. More info on FAQ.

References:

• Using the final Keyword | Apex Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers
• Using the static Keyword | Apex Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers

A polymorphic lookup field is a relationship field that can reference one of several different types of objects. For example, the Who relationship field of a Task can be a Contact or a Lead. The WhatId field on the standard Event object is another example of a polymorphic lookup field, as it can reference any object that allows activities, such as Account, Opportunity, Case, etc. To determine the type of the referenced object, you can use the What.Type field in a SOQL query. You can also use the TYPEOF clause to filter or select fields based on the object type. References:

• Understanding Relationship Fields and Polymorphic Fields
• Working with Polymorphic Relationships in SOQL Queries
• Lookup Search Cheat Sheet

 To override the Contact’s Edit button and provide custom user interfaces in both Salesforce Classic and Lightning Experience, the developer should use a Visualforce page in Salesforce Classic and a Lightning component in Lightning Experience. This is because Visualforce pages are supported as overrides in Salesforce Classic, but not in Lightning Experience or mobile. On the other hand, Lightning components are supported as overrides in Lightning Experience and mobile, but not in Salesforce Classic. Therefore, the developer needs to use different technologies for different user interfaces. The developer can specify the override type and the page or component to use for each user interface in the Buttons, Links, and Actions settings of the Contact object. References: Override Standard Buttons and Tab Home Pages, Standard Actions and Overrides Basics, Override Buttons, Links, and Tabs with Visualforce

• Validation Rules. This is true because validation rules are a declarative way of enforcing data quality and business logic on the Salesforce objects. Validation rules can prevent users from saving records that do not meet certain criteria, such as required fields, unique values, or custom formulas1.
• Record-Triggered Flow. This is true because record-triggered flows are a declarative way of automating business processes and logic on the Salesforce objects. Record-triggered flows can perform actions such as creating, updating, or deleting records, sending emails, or calling Apex classes when a record is created, updated, or deleted2.
• Remote Actions. This is false because remote actions are a programmatic way of invoking Apex methods from Visualforce pages or Lightning components. Remote actions require writing Apex code and using the @RemoteAction annotation to expose the methods to the client-side3.
• Batch Jobs. This is false because batch jobs are a programmatic way of processing large sets of data or records in batches using Apex. Batch jobs require writing Apex code and implementing the Database.Batchable interface to define the start, execute, and finish methods of the job.

References:

• 1: Validation Rules
• 2: Record-Triggered Flows
• 3: Remote Actions
• : Batch Jobs

To create test data within the unit test with the least amount of code, you can use Test.loadData to populate data in your test methods from a static resource containing test data. This way, you don’t have to write code to insert each record individually, and you can reuse the same data for multiple test methods. Test.loadData also allows you to specify the number of records to load, so you can easily test with 200 account records. Using the @isTest(isParallel=true) annotation in the test class does not affect the creation of test data, but it allows the test class to run in parallel with other test classes, which can improve performance. Using the @isTest(seeAllData=true) annotation in the test class is not recommended, as it makes the test methods rely on data in a particular organization, which can cause unexpected failures or inconsistencies. It is also a bad practice to use real data for testing, as it can expose sensitive information or cause unwanted side effects. References:

• Testing Best Practices
• Free Salesforce Platform Developer 1 Practice Exam (With Answers)
• Developer Best Practices Checklist

QUESTION: 130

The Job_Application__c custom object has a field that is a Master-Detail relationship to the Contact object, where the Contact object is the Master. As part of a feature implementation, a developer needs to retrieve a list containing all Contact records where the related Account Industry is ‘Technology’ while also retrieving the contact’s Job_Application__c records.

Based on the object’s relationships, what is the most efficient statement to retrieve the list of contacts?

A. [SELECT Id, (SELECT Id FROM Job_Applications_r) FROM Contact WHERE

Account.Industry = ‘Technology’];

B. [SELECT Id, (SELECT Id FROM Job_Applications_r) FROM Contact WHERE

Accounts.Industry = ‘Technology’];

C. [SELECT Id, (SELECT Id FROM Job_Applications_c) FROM Contact WHERE

Accounts.Industry = ‘Technology’];

D. [SELECT Id, (SELECT Id FROM Job_Application_c) FROM Contact WHERE

Account.Industry = ‘Technology’];

Answer: A

To query child records from a parent object, you need to use a subquery inside parentheses. The subquery should specify the fields to retrieve from the child object, and the relationship name to use. The parent object should be specified after the FROM clause, and any filter conditions on the parent object should be specified after the WHERE clause. In this case, the parent object is Contact, the child object is Job_Application__c, the relationship name is Job_Applications__r, and the filter condition is Account.Industry = 'Technology'.

The other options are incorrect because they use the wrong relationship name or syntax. Option B uses Accounts instead of Account, which is not a valid field on the Contact object. Option C uses Job_Applications_c instead of Job_Applications__r, which is not a valid relationship name. Option D uses Job_Application_c instead of Job_Applications__r, which is also not a valid relationship name. References:

• Trailhead: Write SOQL Queries
• Trailhead: Querying Data with SOQL
• Salesforce Developer Guide: Relationship Queries

A trace flag is a special setting in Salesforce that captures detailed information about the execution of Apex code1. It records various events, such as the execution of Apex methods, SOQL queries, and DML operations, and writes them to a log file1. Trace flags can be configured for three types of entities: Apex classes, Apex triggers, and users2. For Apex classes and triggers, trace flags override the default logging levels and enable logging for the specified class or trigger2. For users, trace flags enable logging for all the Apex code executed by that user2. Trace flags can be set up using the Developer Console, the Tooling API, or Setup2. Flows and Visualforce pages are not valid entities for trace flags, as they are not Apex code34. References: 1 TraceFlag | Tooling API | Salesforce Developers1, 2 Debug Log Levels - Salesforce2, 3 Flow | Tooling API | Salesforce Developers3, 4 Visualforce | Tooling API | Salesforce Developers4

Adding system.debug statements to the code is a common and effective way to troubleshoot issues with Apex triggers. System.debug statements allow the developer to log messages, variables, or expressions to the debug log, which can be viewed in the Developer Console or other tools1. By adding system.debug statements at strategic points in the trigger code, the developer can track the execution flow, check the values of variables, and identify the root cause of the issue. Disabling the trigger in production is not a good practice, as it can affect the business logic and data integrity of the org2. Using the Apex Interactive Debugger is a powerful tool that allows the developer to set breakpoints, inspect variables, and execute code line by line, but it requires a paid license and a supported IDE3. Reviewing the Historical Event logs can provide useful information about the performance, security, and usage of the org, but it may not be sufficient to pinpoint the exact issue with the trigger4. References:

• Debug Your Code | Salesforce Trailhead
• Triggers | Apex Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers
• Apex Interactive Debugger | Salesforce Developer Tools
• Event Monitoring | Salesforce Trailhead

 To calculate the estimated ship date for an Order, the best method is to use a Max Roll-Up Summary field on the Latest availability date fields. A Roll-Up Summary field calculates values from related records, such as the sum, minimum, maximum, or count of a field1. By using a Max Roll-Up Summary field on the Latest availability date fields, the Order record can display the latest date among all the Line Items, which is the earliest date that the Order can be shipped.

The other options are not correct because:

• A. Use a CEILING formula on each of the Latest availability date fields. This option is not valid, because a CEILING formula rounds a number up to the nearest integer2. This does not help to calculate the estimated ship date for an Order, as it does not compare the dates of the Line Items or display the result on the Order record.
• B. Use a DAYS formula on each of the availability date fields and a COUNT Roll-Up Summary field on the Order. This option is not valid, because a DAYS formula returns the number of days between two dates2. This does not help to calculate the estimated ship date for an Order, as it does not account for the latest date among the Line Items or display the result on the Order record. A COUNT Roll-Up Summary field only counts the number of related records, not the values of a field1.
• C. Use a LATEST formula on each of the latest availability date fields. This option is not valid, because there is no such formula function as LATEST in Salesforce2. Even if there was, it would not help to calculate the estimated ship date for an Order, as it would not display the result on the Order record.

References:

• : Roll-Up Summary Fields
• : Formula Operators and Functions

The Trigger.old context variable returns a list of the old versions of the sObject records. This sObject list is only available in update and delete triggers1. In a before insert trigger, there are no old versions of the records, so the Trigger.old context variable is null2. References:

• 1: Trigger Context Variables | Apex Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers
• 2: Get Started with Apex Triggers Unit | Salesforce Trailhead

 The issue is that the value of the account type field is not being displayed correctly on the Visualforce page. This can be resolved by adding a getter method for the actType attribute in the custom controller. A getter method is used to retrieve the value of a private variable, ensuring that it’s read-only and cannot be modified by external classes or pages, thus maintaining encapsulation and security. References: The need for getter methods and their usage can be referenced in Apex basics where encapsulation, getters, and setters are discussed: Apex Basics & Database

 The developer should choose to use Data Loader instead of Data Import Wizard because Data Import Wizard cannot import more than 250 records at a time. Data Loader is a client application that can import up to five million records at a time, using either the user interface or the command line. Data Loader can also perform more complex operations, such as upsert, delete, and export. Data Import Wizard is a web-based tool that can import up to 50,000 records per file, but only 250 records per batch. Data Import Wizard can also perform insert, update, and upsert operations, but not delete or export. Data Loader does not run from the developer’s browser, but rather from the developer’s machine. Data Import Wizard does support Opportunities, as well as other standard and custom objects. Data Loader does not automatically relate Opportunities to Accounts, but rather requires the developer to map the fields accordingly. References:

• Salesforce Help: Data Import Wizard vs. Data Loader, page 1
• Salesforce Help: Data Loader Overview, page 1
• Trailhead: Platform Developer I Certification Study Guide: Data Modeling, unit 2

When multiple triggers are associated to the same object and event, such as before insert, Salesforce does not guarantee the order of execution of those triggers. Therefore, it is best practice to avoid having multiple triggers for the same object and event, and instead consolidate the logic into a single trigger handler class. This way, you can control the order of execution of your trigger logic and avoid unexpected results or conflicts. References: Triggers and Order of Execution, Best Practices for Implementing Salesforce Triggers, Trigger Order Of Execution In Apex

The code block provided will not insert any accounts because it violates Salesforce’s governor limits. In Salesforce, you cannot perform DML (Data Manipulation Language) operations like insert, update, delete inside a loop as it can quickly exceed the governor limits (for example, you can only do 150 DML operations per transaction). Since the ‘insert’ operation is inside a for loop that iterates 500 times, this code will hit the limit and throw an error. References: The information is based on the understanding of governor limits in Salesforce which is crucial for writing efficient and optimized code. More details can be found in the Apex Developer Guide on Governor Limits: Salesforce Governor Limits